Java-----UDP通信

UDP:以数据为中心   非面向连接   不安全   数据可能丢失  效率高

一.类   DatagramSocket    DatagramPacket

1.客户端:

    a).创建DatagramSocket 类  +  指定端口

    b).准备数据    字节数据

    c).打包DatagramPacket  +  服务器地址及端口

    d).发送

    e).释放资源

 

2.服务器端

    a).创建  服务端  DatagramSocket 类  +  指定端口

    b).准备接收的容器  字节数组  封装 DatagramPacket 

    c).包  接收数据

    d). 分析数据

    e).释放资源

 

二.源代码

MyServer.java

package com.kennosaur.net.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * 服务端
 * 1.创建服务端+端口
 * 2.准备接受容器
 * 3.封装成  包DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length) 
 * 4.接受数据
 * 5.分析数据
 * 6.释放资源
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class MyServer {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//1.创建服务端+端口
		DatagramSocket server = new DatagramSocket(8888);
		//2.准备接受容器
		byte[] container = new byte[1024];
		//3.封装成  包 DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length) 
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container, container.length);
		//4.接受数据
		server.receive(packet);
		//5.分析数据
		byte[] data = packet.getData();
		int len = packet.getLength();
		System.out.println(new String(data,0,len));
		//6.释放资源
		server.close();
		
	}
}

MyClient.java

package com.kennosaur.net.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * 客户端
 * 1.创建客户端+端口
 * 2.准备数据
 * 3.打包(发送的地点及端口) DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int offset, int length, SocketAddress address)
 * 4.发送
 * 5.释放
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class MyClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//1.创建客户端+端口
		DatagramSocket client = new DatagramSocket(6666);
		//2.准备数据
		String msg = "UDP编程";
		byte[] data = msg.getBytes();
		//3.打包(发送的地点及端口) DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int offset, int length, SocketAddress address)
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8888));
		//4.发送
		client.send(packet);
		//5.释放
		client.close();
	}
}

三.发送double数据类型 -----将double类型转化为字符数组byte[]后传递

Server.java

package com.kennosaur.net.udp;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * 服务端
 * 1.创建服务端+端口
 * 2.准备接受容器
 * 3.封装成  包DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length) 
 * 4.接受数据
 * 5.分析数据  字节数组--->double  字节数组输入流
 * 6.释放资源
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Server {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//1.创建服务端+端口
		DatagramSocket server = new DatagramSocket(8888);
		//2.准备接受容器
		byte[] container = new byte[1024];
		//3.封装成  包 DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length) 
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container, container.length);
		//4.接受数据
		server.receive(packet);
		//5.分析数据
//		byte[] data = packet.getData();
//		int len = packet.getLength();
//		System.out.println(new String(data,0,len));
		double data = convert(packet.getData());
		System.out.println(data);
		
		//6.释放资源
		server.close();
		
	}
	/**
	 * 字节数组+Data输入流
	 * @param data
	 * @return
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	public static double convert(byte[] data) throws IOException {
		DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(
				new ByteArrayInputStream(data));
		double num = dis.readDouble();
		dis.close();
		return num;
	}
}

Client.java

package com.kennosaur.net.udp;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * 客户端
 * 1.创建客户端+端口
 * 2.准备数据 double--->字节数组    字节数组输出流
 * 3.打包(发送的地点及端口) DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int offset, int length, SocketAddress address)
 * 4.发送
 * 5.释放
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Client {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//1.创建客户端+端口
		DatagramSocket client = new DatagramSocket(6666);
		//2.准备数据
//		String msg = "UDP编程";		
//		byte[] data = msg.getBytes();
		double num = 89.12;
		byte[] data = convert(num);
		//3.打包(发送的地点及端口) DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int offset, int length, SocketAddress address)
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8888));
		//4.发送
		client.send(packet);
		//5.释放
		client.close();
	}
	/**
	 * 字节数组  数据源+data输出流
	 * @param num
	 * @return
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	public static byte[] convert(double num) throws IOException {
		byte[] data = null;
		ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
		dos.writeDouble(num);
		dos.flush();
		
		data = bos.toByteArray();
		dos.close();
		
		return data;
	}
}