Quartz简介
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Quartz介绍
任务调度框架“Quartz”是OpenSymphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域又一个开源项目,是完全由java开发的一个开源的任务日程管理系统,
“任务进度管理器”就是一个在预先确定(被纳入日程)的时间到达时,负责执行(或者通知)其他软件组件的系统。简单来说就是实现“计划(或定时)任务”的系统,例如:订单下单后未付款,15分钟后自动撤消订单,并自动解锁锁定的商品
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Quartz的触发器
触发器用来告诉调度程序作业什么时候触发。框架提供了5种触发器类型,但两个最常用的SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger。五种类型的Trigger(定时器)
SimpleTrigger,CronTirgger,DateIntervalTrigger,NthIncludedDayTrigger和Calendar类( org.quartz.Calendar)。场景:
SimpleTrigger:执行N次,重复N次
CronTrigger:几秒 几分 几时 哪日 哪月 哪周 哪年,执行 -
存储方式
RAMJobStore(内存作业存储类型)和JDBCJobStore(数据库作业存储类型),两种方式对比如下:
RAMJobStore 不要外部数据库,配置容易, 运行速度快 因为调度程序信息是存储在被分配给JVM的内存里面,所以,当应用程序停止运行时,所有调度信息将被丢失。另外因为存储到JVM内存里面,所以可以存储多少个Job和Trigger将会受到限制
JDBCJobStor 支持集群,因为所有的任务信息都会保存 运行速度的快慢取决与连接数据库的快慢到数据库中,可以控制事物,还有就是如果应用服务器关闭或者重启,任务信息都
不会丢失,并且可以恢复因服务器关闭或者重启而导致执行失败的任务
图解quartz工作流程
quartz相关表达式
在线生成表达式网址:http://cron.qqe2.com/
所需pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
Quartz简单触发器
RamJob
package com.lst.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:41
*
* 基于内存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("此处为quzartz定时任务执行的业务内容。。。");
}
}
Demo1
package com.lst.quartz01.demo;
import com.lst.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:46
*
* 讲解简单触发器(每隔n秒执行,一共执行多少次)
*/
public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule、jobDetail、trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1","group1")
.withDescription("这是第一quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
.withIdentity("trigger1","group1")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
效果展示:
Quartz表达式触发器
Demo2
package com.lst.quartz01.demo;
import com.lst.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:46
*
*
* 讲解表达式触发器(定时定点,无线循环执行某一行代码)
*/
public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule、jobDetail、trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
.withDescription("这是第一quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
// 定点执行逻辑
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 10 17 * * ?"))
// 每6秒循环执行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
每隔6秒执行一遍
Quartz中参数传递
Demo3
package com.lst.quartz01.demo;
import com.lst.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:46
*
*
* 讲解表达式触发器(定时定点,无线循环执行某一行代码)
*/
public class Demo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule、jobDetail、trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
.withDescription("这是第一quartz定时任务")
.build();
String name = "aaa";
String level = "y2";
String job = "学员";
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
jobDataMap.put("name",name);
jobDataMap.put("level",level);
jobDataMap.put("job",job);
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
// 定点执行逻辑
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 10 17 * * ?"))
// 每6秒循环执行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
RamJob
package com.lst.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:41
*
* 基于内存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("此处为quzartz定时任务执行的业务内容。。。");
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name").toString()+
jobDataMap.get("level")+
jobDataMap.get("job"));
}
}
Spring task Vs Quartz
Spring task
优点:无需整合spring,作业类中就可以调用业务service
缺点:单线程;不能做数据存储型的定时任务
Quartz
优点:多线程;可以做数据存储型的定时任务,维护性高;
缺点:需要整合spring,不能直接调用业务层service;
线程论证代码
SpringTask
package com.lst.quartz01.task;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 17:18
*/
@Component
public class SpringTask {
@Scheduled(cron = "0/10 * * * * ?")
public void xxx(){
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println("Spring task 启动。。。。"+format.format(new Date()));
try {
Thread.sleep(20*1000);
System.out.println("模拟处理大数据量业务操作...");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
RamJob
package com.lst.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:41
*
* 基于内存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println("Spring task 启动。。。。"+format.format(new Date()));
try {
Thread.sleep(20*1000);
System.out.println("模拟处理大数据量业务操作...");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果:不管前一个定时任务的线程是否结束,都会开启下一个线程,依然每10s执行一次;
over…