设计模式之组合模式

以大学的管理层次说明该模式：

这是采用继承的方法来说明院系的关系，但缺点是，其实学校、学院、系之间是组合关系，这样设计不能很好的实现管理操作。
下面我将用组合模式来，优化这个代码，下面的组合模式的原理图：

Component:

public abstract class OrganizationComponent {

	private String name; // 名字
	private String des; // 说明
	
	protected  void add(OrganizationComponent organizationComponent) {
		//默认实现
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}
	
	protected  void remove(OrganizationComponent organizationComponent) {
		//默认实现
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}

	//构造器
	public OrganizationComponent(String name, String des) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.des = des;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getDes() {
		return des;
	}

	public void setDes(String des) {
		this.des = des;
	}
	
	//方法print, 做成抽象的, 子类都需要实现
	protected abstract void print();
	
	
}

composite:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

//University 就是 Composite , 可以管理College
public class University extends OrganizationComponent {

	List<OrganizationComponent> organizationComponents = new ArrayList<OrganizationComponent>();

	// 构造器
	public University(String name, String des) {
		super(name, des);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	// 重写add
	@Override
	protected void add(OrganizationComponent organizationComponent) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		organizationComponents.add(organizationComponent);
	}

	// 重写remove
	@Override
	protected void remove(OrganizationComponent organizationComponent) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		organizationComponents.remove(organizationComponent);
	}

	@Override
	public String getName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getName();
	}

	@Override
	public String getDes() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getDes();
	}

	// print方法，就是输出University 包含的学院
	@Override
	protected void print() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("--------------" + getName() + "--------------");
		//遍历 organizationComponents 
		for (OrganizationComponent organizationComponent : organizationComponents) {
			organizationComponent.print();
		}
	}

}

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class College extends OrganizationComponent {

	//List 中 存放的Department
	List<OrganizationComponent> organizationComponents = new ArrayList<OrganizationComponent>();

	// 构造器
	public College(String name, String des) {
		super(name, des);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	// 重写add
	@Override
	protected void add(OrganizationComponent organizationComponent) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//  将来实际业务中，Colleage 的 add 和  University add 不一定完全一样
		organizationComponents.add(organizationComponent);
	}

	// 重写remove
	@Override
	protected void remove(OrganizationComponent organizationComponent) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		organizationComponents.remove(organizationComponent);
	}

	@Override
	public String getName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getName();
	}

	@Override
	public String getDes() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getDes();
	}

	// print方法，就是输出University 包含的学院
	@Override
	protected void print() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("--------------" + getName() + "--------------");
		//遍历 organizationComponents 
		for (OrganizationComponent organizationComponent : organizationComponents) {
			organizationComponent.print();
		}
	}


}

leaf:

public class Department extends OrganizationComponent {

	//没有集合
	
	public Department(String name, String des) {
		super(name, des);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	
	//add , remove 就不用写了，因为他是叶子节点
	
	@Override
	public String getName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getName();
	}
	
	@Override
	public String getDes() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getDes();
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void print() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println(getName());
	}

}

客户端调用，测试：

public class Client {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
		//从大到小创建对象 学校
		OrganizationComponent university = new University("清华大学", " 中国顶级大学 ");
		
		//创建 学院
		OrganizationComponent computerCollege = new College("计算机学院", " 计算机学院 ");
		OrganizationComponent infoEngineercollege = new College("信息工程学院", " 信息工程学院 ");
		
		
		//创建各个学院下面的系(专业)
		computerCollege.add(new Department("软件工程", " 软件工程不错 "));
		computerCollege.add(new Department("网络工程", " 网络工程不错 "));
		computerCollege.add(new Department("计算机科学与技术", " 计算机科学与技术是老牌的专业 "));
		
		//
		infoEngineercollege.add(new Department("通信工程", " 通信工程不好学 "));
		infoEngineercollege.add(new Department("信息工程", " 信息工程好学 "));
		
		//将学院加入到 学校
		university.add(computerCollege);
		university.add(infoEngineercollege);
		
		//university.print();
		university.print();
	}

}

运行结果如下：