Statistical Distributions

正态分布(Normal distribution),又名高斯分布(Gaussian distribution)

若随机变量X服从一个数学期望为 μ 、方差为σ2的正态分布,记为N( μσ2 )。其概率密度函数为正态分布的期望值 μ 决定了其位置,其标准差σ决定了分布的幅度。当 μ=0,σ=1 时的正态分布是标准正态分布。


t -distribution

t分布曲线形态与 n (确切地说与自由度v)大小有关。与标准正态分布曲线相比,自由度 v 越小,t分布曲线愈平坦,曲线中间愈低,曲线双侧尾部翘得愈高;自由度v愈大,t分布曲线愈接近正态分布曲线,当自由度v=时, t 分布曲线为标准正态分布曲线。
我们常用t-distribution对总体呈正态分布的样本均值进行估计,对样本均值的差异进行显著性检验。(即 σ 未知时,我们用样本 s 代替总体 σ)

假设 X 服从标准正态分布N0,1Y服从 χ2n 分布,那么 Z=XYn 的分布称为自由度为n的t分布,记为 Zt(n)


Chi-square distribution ( χ2(n) distribution)

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
Statistical distributions and models are commonly used in many applied ar- eas such as economics, engineering, social, health, and biological sciences. In this era of inexpensive and faster personal computers, practitioners of statistics and scientists in various disciplines have no di±culty in ¯tting a probability model to describe the distribution of a real-life data set. Indeed, statistical distribu- tions are used to model a wide range of practical problems, from modeling the size grade distribution of onions to modeling global positioning data. Successful applications of these probability models require a thorough understanding of the theory and familiarity with the practical situations where some distributions can be postulated. Although there are many statistical software packages available to ¯t a probability distribution model for a given data set, none of the packages is comprehensive enough to provide table values and other formulas for numer- ous probability distributions. The main purpose of this book and the software is to provide users with quick and easy access to table values, important formulas, and results of the many commonly used, as well as some specialized, statistical distributions. The book and the software are intended to serve as reference ma- terials. With practitioners and researchers in disciplines other than statistics in mind, I have adopted a format intended to make it simple to use the book for reference purposes. Examples are provided mainly for this purpose.
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值