初次了解SpringJPA

        个人对SpringJPA的理解为：通过面向对象而非面向数据库的查询语言查询数据，避免程序的SQL语句紧密耦合。说通俗点就是，用纯面向对象语言取代SQL语句来进行数据库数据的处理。

例如：

        1、创建一个Spring Boot 工程，在pom.xml里添加jpa依赖，jap和mysql

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        2、创建两个实体类

public class CustomerEntity {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String source;
    private String industry;
    private String level;
    private String address;
    private String phone;
    
    ...省略get和set方法
    
}

public class LinkManEntity {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private String phone;
    private String mobile;
    private String email;
    private String position;
    private String memo;

    ...省略get和set方法
    
}

        3、添加注解，将两个实体类修改为两张表

        @Entity：JPA注解，表示该类是一个实体

        @Table(name = "customer")：JPA注解，表示实体对应的表，name指的是数据库里的表名。

        @Id：用于声明一个实体类的属性映射为数据库的主键列(把该类里名为id的成员变量映射为表的主键列)

        @GenerationType.IDENTITY：使用数据库自增键

        @Column(name = "xxxx")：用于指定列的相关属性，name为列名

@Entity
@Table(name = "customer")
public class CustomerEntity
{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "name", length = 25)
    private String name;
    @Column(name = "source")
    private String source;
    @Column(name = "industry")
    private String industry;
    @Column(name = "level")
    private String level;
    @Column(name = "address")
    private String address;
    @Column(name = "phone")
    private String phone;

    ...省略get和set方法...

}

@Entity
@Table(name = "link_man")
public class LinkManEntity
{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "name", length = 25)
    private String name;
    @Column(name = "gender")
    private String gender;
    @Column(name = "phone")
    private String phone;
    @Column(name = "mobile")
    private String mobile;
    @Column(name = "email")
    private String email;
    @Column(name = "position")
    private String position;
    @Column(name = "memo")
    private String memo;

    ...省略get和set方法...

}

        4、配置application.yml文件

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: 5208282
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
        format_sql: true
    show-sql: true
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: create

        5、去项目入口运行项目

Hibernate: 
    
    drop table if exists customer
Hibernate: 
    
    drop table if exists link_man
Hibernate: 
    
    create table customer (
       id bigint not null auto_increment,
        address varchar(255),
        industry varchar(255),
        level varchar(255),
        name varchar(25),
        phone varchar(255),
        source varchar(255),
        primary key (id)
    ) engine=InnoDB
Hibernate: 
    
    create table link_man (
       id bigint not null auto_increment,
        email varchar(255),
        gender varchar(255),
        memo varchar(255),
        mobile varchar(255),
        name varchar(25),
        phone varchar(255),
        position varchar(255),
        customer bigint,
        primary key (id)
    ) engine=InnoDB

        两张数据表已经被映射添加成功 

        6、让customer表对link_man表建立一对多的关系

        修改CustomerEntity实体和LinkManEntity实体：

    //将Link_Man与customer两张表产生外键关联
    //一个客户有多个联系人而一个联系人只有一个特定的客户

    //将下行代码添加至CustomerEntity类的成员变量后
    //与目标建立一对多关系
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "customerEntity")
    Set<LinkManEntity> linkManEntitySet;

    //将下行代码添加至LinkManEntity类的成员变量后
    //与目标建立多对一关系
    //@JoinColumn：主外键，用来指定与所操作实体或实体集合相关联的数据库表中的列字段
    @ManyToOne(targetEntity = CustomerEntity.class)
    @JoinColumn(name = "customer", referencedColumnName = "id")
    CustomerEntity customerEntity;

        7、运行项目成功后

        8、添加一个客户

                创建一个CustomerRepository 接口

public interface CustomerRepostitory extends JpaRepository<CustomerEntity, Long>
{

}

                 添加客户测试代码

@SpringBootTest
public class CustomerRepositoryTest
{
    @Autowired
    CustomerRepostitory customerRepostitory;

    @Test
    public void save_customer_success()
    {
        CustomerEntity customerEntity = new CustomerEntity();
        customerEntity.setAddress("成都");
        customerEntity.setLevel("low");
        customerEntity.setName("王仁杰");
        customerEntity.setPhone("13795693962");
        customerRepostitory.save(customerEntity);

        Assertions.assertTrue(customerEntity.getId() != null);
    }
}

                测试结果

                见数据表可知添加成功

个人总结：SpringJPA相比常规MyBatis所需求的处理工具或平台更少更集中更便捷，少量数据处理使用SpringJPA更方便，但若是需求处理的数据量很多，还是用MyBatis更加方便管理和理解 。