33.2从零开始学springboot-一文读懂消息队列-生产消费(附redis实现)

前言

上一节我们使用Redis实现了发布订阅者模式,关于Redis实现的发布订阅模式的特点,我们也了解了

• 基于Redis服务主动推送消息,而非订阅者循环拉取.
• 消息即发即丢(就是消息一发布,就丢失了,不会保存)

那么,实际场景时,我们也会遇到如下的业务场景:

• 需要保存消息,按需取出
• 需要异步延迟处理消息,比如预定订单会先入消息队列,而后统一在一个时间集中处理

此时,发布订阅模式就不太适用了
而生产消费模式便能满足这样的需求

生产消费者模式的特点如下:

• 只有一个消费者将获得消息
• 生产者不需要在接收者消费该消息期间处于运行状态，接收者也同样不需要在消息发送时处于运行状态。
• 每一个成功处理的消息都由接收者签收

本节,我们就适用Redis实现生产消费模式

Redis实现生产这消费者模式

Redis,对于队列模型，我们可以使用list数据结构，通过LPUSH和RPOP来实现一个队列.

Springboot+Redis实现

• 引入redis依赖
  pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

• application.yml

spring:
  redis:
    port: 6379
    database: 0
    host: 127.0.0.1
    password: 123456
    jedis:
      pool:
        max-active: 8
        max-wait: -1ms
        max-idle: 8
        min-idle: 0
    timeout: 5000ms
server:
  port: 9999

• redis配置类

package com.mrcoder.sbredisproducerconsumer.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

/**
 * @Description: Redis配置类
 */
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({RedisTemplate.class})
public class RedisConfig {

    /**
     * Redis操作模板配置
     *
     * @param connectionFactory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<?, ?> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<byte[], byte[]> template = new RedisTemplate<byte[], byte[]>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        template.afterPropertiesSet();
        return template;
    }

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<?, ?> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory, Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer) {
        RedisTemplate<byte[], byte[]> template = new RedisTemplate<byte[], byte[]>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        // 设置key/hashkey序列化
        RedisSerializer<String> stringSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
        template.setKeySerializer(stringSerializer);
        template.setHashKeySerializer(stringSerializer);

        // 设置值序列化
        template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        template.afterPropertiesSet();

        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        template.afterPropertiesSet();

        return template;
    }

    /**
     * 序列化定制
     *
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonSerializer() {
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(
                Object.class);

        // 初始化objectmapper
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        mapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);
        mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
        return jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
    }


}

• 定义生产者

package com.mrcoder.sbredisproducerconsumer.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

@Service
public class ProducerService {
    @Autowired
    RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;

    @Scheduled(initialDelay = 5000, fixedDelay = 30 * 1000)
    public void producer() {
        String message = "消息 " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date());
        System.out.println("-----------生产者------------>生产了:" + message);
        redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("queue", message);
    }
}

• 定义消费者

package com.mrcoder.sbredisproducerconsumer.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class ConsumerService {
    @Autowired
    RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;

    @Scheduled(initialDelay = 5000, fixedDelay = 60 * 1000)
    public void consumer() {
        String message = redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPop("queue");
        System.out.println("-----------消费者------------>消费了:" + message);
    }
}

• 入口类

package com.mrcoder.sbredisproducerconsumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class SbRedisProducerConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SbRedisProducerConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

运行

-----------消费者------------>消费了:消息 Mon Sep 02 15:44:42 CST 2019
-----------生产者------------>生产了:消息 20190902155016
-----------生产者------------>生产了:消息 20190902155046

项目地址:

https://github.com/MrCoderStack/SpringBootDemo/tree/master/sb-redis-producer-consumer

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