为控件添加监听器

步骤：

1.布局文件中定义控件
2.Activity中获取代表控件的对象
3.定义一个类，来实现监听器接口，并重写其抽象方法
4.生成监听器对象
5.为控件添加监听器

acitvity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.android.setlistener.MainActivity"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="81dp">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/Btn"
        android:text="按钮"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="44dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.android.setlistener;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView textView;
    //1.定义Button类
    private Button button;
    private int sum=0;
    private ButtonListener buttonListener;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        textView = findViewById(R.id.textView);
        //2.获取Button类的对象
        button = findViewById(R.id.Btn);
        //5.生成监听器对象
        buttonListener = new ButtonListener();
        //6.为按钮添加监听器
        button.setOnClickListener(buttonListener);
    }
     //3.定义内部类并实现OnClickListener接口
    class ButtonListener implements View.OnClickListener{
        //4.重写onClick方法
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            sum++;
            System.out.println("******当前点击次数为"+ sum);
            textView.setText("******当前点击次数为"+ sum);
        }
    }

}

结果：点击Button，显示点击次数