设计模式 —— 单例模式（唯一性）

设计模式 —— 单例模式

原理：系统中的类只有一个实例，且易于外界访问

系统中的单例
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] statusBarStyle];
    
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:<#(nonnull id)#> selector:<#(nonnull SEL)#> name:<#(nullable NSNotificationName)#> object:<#(nullable id)#>];
    
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:<#(nonnull NSString *)#>];
    
[NSFileManager defaultManager]

如何保证只创建一次：

1、防止继承；

2、保证只能创建一次（主要是解决alloc init问题）

static ManagerCenter *center = nil;

+ (instancetype)managerCenter {
    
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        
        center = (ManagerCenter *)@"ManagerCenter";
        center = [[ManagerCenter alloc] init];
    });
    //防止子类继承，直接崩溃
    NSString *classStr = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
    if (![classStr isEqualToString:@"ManagerCenter"]) {
        NSParameterAssert(nil);
    }
    return center;
}

- (instancetype)init {
    //防止init方法创建单例
    NSString *classStr = (NSString *)center;
    if ([classStr isKindOfClass:[NSString class]] == YES && [classStr isEqualToString:@"ManagerCenter"]) {
        
        self = [super init];
        if (self) {
            //防止子类init方法继承
            NSString *classStr = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
            if (![classStr isEqualToString:@"ManagerCenter"]) {
                NSParameterAssert(nil);
            }
        }
        return self;
    } else {
        return nil;
    }
}

解决的问题：

优化本地存储：FastCoding

注： 消除.m warning -fno-objc-arc

- (void)storeValue:(id)value withKey:(NSString *)key {
    
    NSParameterAssert(value);
    NSParameterAssert(key);
    
    NSData *data = [FastCoder dataWithRootObject:value];
    if (data) {
        [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:data forKey:key];
    }
}

- (id)valueWithKey:(NSString *)key {
    
    NSParameterAssert(key);
    NSData *data = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:key];
    return [FastCoder objectWithData:data];
}

使用分类优化存储过程

@interface NSObject (StoreValue)

- (void)storeValueWithKey:(NSString *)key;
+ (id)valueWithKey:(NSString *)key;

@end

#import "NSObject+StoreValue.h"
#import "ManagerCenter.h"

@implementation NSObject (StoreValue)

- (void)storeValueWithKey:(NSString *)key {
    
    [[ManagerCenter managerCenter] storeValue:self withKey:key];
    
}
+ (id)valueWithKey:(NSString *)key {
    
    return [[ManagerCenter managerCenter] valueWithKey:key];
}

@end

存储直接调用

[self.typeOne storeValueWithKey:@"FastCoding"];
TypeTwoMediator *model = [TypeTwoMediator valueWithKey:@"FastCoding"];
NSLog(@"%f",model.colleagueA.value);

优缺点： 优：共享信息，管理中心；缺：破坏了封装性