理论+实验 详解DNS域名解析服务以及构建主从域名服务器实验

一 构建主，从域名服务器实验

1.1 基本实验步骤

1.2 实验环境

2台centos 7.4 系统服务器，以及1台测试机
主域名服务器IP地址为：20.0.0.11
从域名服务器IP地址为：20.0.0.12
测试机IP地址为：20.0.0.13

1.3 实验步骤

20.0.0.11；20.0.0.12；20.0.0.13：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bind bind-utils bind-libs bind-chroot
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep "^bind"
查看里面是否有6个与BIND相关的软件包

20.0.0.11：

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/named.conf 

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "bdqn.com" IN {                                                                        配置正向配置文件
        type master;
        file "bdqn.com.zone";
        allow-transfer { 20.0.0.12; };
        also-notify { 20.0.0.12; };
};
zone "0.0.20.in-addr.arpa" IN {                                                             配置反向配置文件
        type master;
        file "20.0.0.arpa";
        allow-transfer { 20.0.0.12; };
        also-notify { 20.0.0.12; };
};
：wq 
[root@ns1 ~]# cd /var/named/
[root@ns1 named]# ll
[root@ns1 named]# cp named.localhost bdqn.com.zone
[root@ns1 named]# vi bdqn.com.zone                                                              正向解析记录
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  bdqn.com. admin.bdqn.com. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      @
        A       192.168.11.119
www IN  A       192.168.11.119
ftp IN  A       192.168.11.118
mail IN CNAME   www

：wq
[root@ns1 named]# chown named:named /var/named/bdqn.com.zone
[root@ns1 named]# cp named.loopback 20.0.0.arpa
[root@ns1 named]# vi 20.0.0.arpa 
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  bdqn1.com. rname.invalid. (                                                      反向解析记录
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      bdqn1.com.
        A       20.0.0.100
119 IN  PTR     www.bdqn1.com.
120 IN  PTR     ftp.bdqn1.com.
121 IN  PTR     bbs.bdqn1.com.
:wq
[root@ns1 named]# chown named:named /var/named/20.0.0.arpa 
[root@ns1 named]# systemctl restart named

20.0.0.12：

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname ns2
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@ns2 ~]# vi /etc/named.conf 
options {
        listen-on port 53 { 20.0.0.12; };
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };

:wq
[root@ns2 ~]# vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "bdqn.com" IN {
        type slave;
        masters { 20.0.0.11; };
        allow-notify { 20.0.0.11; };
        file "slaves/bdqn.com.zone";
};
zone "0.0.20.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type slave;
        masters { 20.0.0.11; };
        allow-notify { 20.0.0.11; };
        file "slaves/20.0.0.arpa";
};
：wq
[root@ns2 ~]# cd /var/named/slaves/
[root@ns2 slaves]# ll
total 0
[root@ns2 slaves]# systemctl start named
[root@ns2 slaves]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 400 Jul 30 01:29 20.0.0.arpa
-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 311 Jul 30 01:29 bdqn.com.zone

20.0.0.13：

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/resolv.conf 
nameserver 20.0.0.11
nameserver 20.0.0.12
[root@localhost ~]# nslookup www.bdqn.com
Server:         20.0.0.11
Address:        20.0.0.11#53

Name:   www.bdqn.com
Address: 192.168.11.119

[root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.119
Server:         20.0.0.11
Address:        20.0.0.11#53

119.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = www.bdqn1.com.

[root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.120
Server:         20.0.0.11
Address:        20.0.0.11#53

120.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = ftp.bdqn1.com.

[root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.121
Server:         20.0.0.11
Address:        20.0.0.11#53

121.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = bbs.bdqn1.com.
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/resolv.conf 
# Generated by NetworkManager
#nameserver 20.0.0.11
nameserver 20.0.0.12
：wq
[root@localhost ~]# nslookup www.bdqn.com
Server:         20.0.0.12
Address:        20.0.0.12#53

Name:   www.bdqn.com
Address: 192.168.11.119

[root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.119
Server:         20.0.0.12
Address:        20.0.0.12#53

119.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = www.bdqn1.com.

[root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.120
Server:         20.0.0.12
Address:        20.0.0.12#53

120.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = ftp.bdqn1.com.

[root@localhost ~]# nslookup 20.0.0.121
Server:         20.0.0.12
Address:        20.0.0.12#53

121.0.0.20.in-addr.arpa name = bbs.bdqn1.com.