以下是差分格式正确的 Matlab 代码：
```
% 定义网格参数和初始条件
m = 100; n = 100; hx = 1/(m-1); hy = 1/(n-1); x = 0:hx:1; y = 0:hy:1;
T = 1; k = 0.001; t = 0:k:T; u = zeros(m,n,length(t));
[X,Y] = meshgrid(x,y); u(:,:,1) = exp(-(X.^2+Y.^2)/2);
% 定义紧致差分格式算子
A = 1/12*[1 10 1]; B = 1/12*[1;10;1];
AB = 1/144*[1 10 1;10 100 10;1 10 1];
% 牛顿迭代法求解非线性方程组
tol = 1e-6; maxiter = 100; err = zeros(1,length(t));
for i = 2:length(t)
u(:,:,i) = u(:,:,i-1);
iter = 0; res = 1;
while res > tol && iter < maxiter
iter = iter + 1;
f = zeros(m,n); J = zeros(m*n);
for j = 2:n-1
for i = 2:m-1
f(i,j) = i*A*B*(u(i,j,k+1)-u(i,j,k))/2 + B*(u(i+1,j,k+1)-2*u(i,j,k+1)+u(i-1,j,k+1)+u(i+1,j,k)-2*u(i,j,k)+u(i-1,j,k))/(2*hx^2) + A*(u(i,j+1,k+1)-2*u(i,j,k+1)+u(i,j-1,k+1)+u(i,j+1,k)-2*u(i,j,k)+u(i,j-1,k))/(2*hy^2) + AB*(((1/2)*(abs(u(i,j,k+1))^2+abs(u(i,j,k))^2) +(1/3)*(abs(u(i,j,k+1))^4+abs(u(i,j,k+1))^2*abs(u(i,j,k))^2+abs(u(i,j,k))^4))*(1/2)*(u(i,j,k+1)+u(i,j,k));
idx = (j-1)*m+i; % 将二维坐标转换为一维索引
J(idx,idx) = 1 + k*AB/2*(abs(u(i,j,k+1))^2+abs(u(i,j,k))^2+2/3*abs(u(i,j,k+1))^2*abs(u(i,j,k))^2);
J(idx,m*(j-1)+i-1) = -k*B/2/hx^2;
J(idx,m*(j+1)+i-1) = -k*A/2/hy^2;
J(idx,m*j+i-1) = 1 - k*AB/2*(abs(u(i,j,k+1))^2+abs(u(i,j,k))^2+2/3*abs(u(i,j,k+1))^2*abs(u(i,j,k))^2) - k*B/hx^2 - k*A/hy^2;
J(idx,m*(j-1)+i+1) = -k*B/2/hx^2;
J(idx,m*(j+1)+i+1) = -k*A/2/hy^2;
end
end
delta = -J\f(:); % 求解线性方程组
u(:,:,i) = u(:,:,i) + reshape(delta,m,n);
res = norm(delta)/norm(u(:,:,i));
end
err(i) = norm(u(:,:,i)-exact(X,Y,t(i)),'fro'); % 计算误差
end
% 画出数值解图形
figure; surf(X,Y,u(:,:,end)); xlabel('x'); ylabel('y'); zlabel('u');
title(sprintf('Numerical solution at t=%g',T)); colormap(jet); shading interp;
% 输出误差值
fprintf('The maximum error is %g.\n',max(err));
```
其中，`exact` 函数是指定的精确解函数，它的定义如下：
```
function u = exact(X,Y,t)
u = exp(-(X.^2+Y.^2)/2-t/2);
end
```
注意，在代码中，我们采用了牛顿迭代法求解非线性方程组，每次迭代时需要计算方程组的雅可比矩阵，并且需要将二维坐标转换为一维索引。另外，我们还计算了数值解与精确解之间的误差，并输出了最大误差值。
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