SpringBoot核心技术
一. 数据访问
1. 数据源的自动配置
1.1 导入数据库的场景依赖
<!--原生jdbc数据访问-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
来看一下这个场景都引入了哪些依赖?
发现其中少了数据库驱动,导入MySQL驱动,数据库版本要和驱动版本对应。
<!--mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
如果要更改mysql的版本,可以直接添加版本进行覆盖。
或者在这里进行管理版本:Maven属性的就近优先原则。
1.2 加载数据库相关的自动配置类
1.3 自动配置类向IOC容器里导入组件
SpringBoot已经配置好一个数据源HikariDataSource:
想要配置数据源相关的配置,只需要修改以这个前缀开始的东西:
接下来只需要在application.yml配置数据库:
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
配置成功的话,就会出现以下日志:
测试数据库:
@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
class SlapBangApplicationTests {
@Autowired
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
Integer num = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from tb_employee", Integer.class);
log.info("记录总数:{}",num);
}
}
2.整合Druid数据源
2.1 引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>
2.2 编写配置类
@Configuration
public class DruidDataSourceConfig {
//配置数据源
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource")
public DataSource dataSource() throws SQLException {
DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
return dataSource;
}
//配置监控页面
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean(){
StatViewServlet statViewServlet = new StatViewServlet();
ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet> servletRegistrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(statViewServlet, "/druid/*");
servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginUsername","druid");
servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginPassword","druid");
return servletRegistrationBean;
}
//配置web监控
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean(){
WebStatFilter webStatFilter = new WebStatFilter();
FilterRegistrationBean<WebStatFilter> filterFilterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean<>(webStatFilter);
filterFilterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
filterFilterRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("exclusions","*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*");
return filterFilterRegistrationBean;
}
}
打开监控统计和防火墙:
2.3 测试数据源和监控
2.4 引入druid-starter
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.17</version>
</dependency>
配置文件:
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#druid数据源配置
druid:
#开启监控和防火墙
filters: stat,wall
filter:
stat:
log-slow-sql: true
slow-sql-millis: 1000
enabled: true
wall:
enabled: true
stat-view-servlet:
enabled: true
login-username: admin
login-password: admin
web-stat-filter:
enabled: true
url-pattern: /*
exclusions: '*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*'
3. 整合Mybatis
3.1 引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.4</version>
</dependency>
3.2 编写配置
要么在全局配置文件中配置,要么在application.yml进行配置,不能同时配置,推荐在yml文件写配置。
#mybatis配置
mybatis:
#配置全局配置文件位置
#config-location: classpath:mybatis-config.xml
#配置mapper文件的位置
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
#配置驼峰命名
configuration:
map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
DAO接口层要加上@Mapper注解,否则扫描不到。
@Mapper
public interface EmployeeDAO {
List<Employee> getEmps();
Employee getEmp(Integer id);
}
或者在这里配置:
@MapperScan("com.jixian.slapbang.dao")
@SpringBootApplication
public class SlapBangApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SlapBangApplication.class, args);
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.jixian.slapbang.dao.EmployeeDAO">
<select id="getEmps" resultType="com.jixian.slapbang.entity.Employee">
select * from tb_employee
</select>
</mapper>
3.3 注解混合版
不需要写XML文件,直接在DAO层编写。
@Mapper
public interface EmployeeDAO {
List<Employee> getEmps();
@Select("select * from tb_employee where id = #{id}")
Employee getEmp(Integer id);
}
二. Web开发
2.1 引入web依赖
<!--web场景-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.2 分析自动配置
在WebMvcAutoConfiguration里还配置了REST风格过滤器:
HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration:解决字符乱码问题
MultipartAutoConfiguration:配置文件上传组件
DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration:SpringMVC前端控制器
SpringBoot配置了这些HandlerMapping来处理请求:
RequestMappingHandlerMapping,
WelcomePageHandlerMapping