MyBatis_初步连接数据库

壹.搭建环境

1.通过maven导入Jar包

<dependencies>
<!--测试-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
<!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.6</version>
    </dependency>
<!--mysql驱动-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.27</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 编写mybatis配置文件(建议置于resources文件夹下)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
    <environments default="development"><!--默认环境-->
        <environment id="development"><!--环境-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/><!--事务管理方式-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED"><!--mybatis获取连接的方式-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/><!--驱动-->
                <!--useSSL 是否使用安全连接-->
                <!--useUnicode 是否使用Unicode编码-->
                <!--characterEncoding 传输数据的编码方式-->
                <!--mysql8及以上的版本需要设置时区-->
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="数据库用户名"/>
                <property name="password" value="数据库密码"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--注册mapper-->
   <mappers>
       <mapper resource="cn/alan/Mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
   </mappers>
</configuration>

3.编写mybatis工具类

//sqlsessionFactory --> sqlsession 通过sqlsession工厂获得sqlsession对象
public class mybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    //获取 sqlsessionFactory 对象
    static {
        try {
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";//mybatis配置文件
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);//获取配置文件中的配置信息
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);//通过配置信息创建sqlsession工厂
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //获得 sqlSession 实例
    //sqlSession 完全包含了面向数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return  sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }

}

贰.获取数据

1.编写实体类

//实体类
public class User {
    private String Username;
    private String Password;
    private String Email;
    private String Name;
    private int Tel;


    //Alt + Fn + ins（笔记本键盘）
    //Alt + ins（外设键盘）

    //Constructor 构造方法
    public User() {
    }

    //Constructor 构造方法
    //Ctrl进行多选
    public User(String username, String password, String email, String name, int tel) {
        Username = username;
        Password = password;
        Email = email;
        Name = name;
        Tel = tel;
    }


    //Getter and Setter
    public String getUsername() {
        return Username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        Username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return Password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        Password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return Email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        Email = email;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return Name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        Name = name;
    }

    public int getTel() {
        return Tel;
    }

    public void setTel(int tel) {
        Tel = tel;
    }

    //重写toString
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Username="+Username+","+"Password="+Password+","+"Email="+Email+","+"Name="+Name+","+"Tel="+Tel;
    }
}

2.编写Mapper接口

public interface UserMapper {
     List<User> getUserList();
}

 3.编写接口实现类(XML)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace绑定一个对应的Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="cn.alan.Mapper.UserMapper">
    <!--实现接口 id为接口内的方法 resultType为返回值的类型-->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="cn.alan.POJO.User">
    <!--在select标签内重写getUseList方法-->
    select * from mybatis.user;
  </select>
</mapper>

叁.项目测试 

编写测试用类

public class UserMapperTest {
    @Test
    public void getUserList(){
        //获得sqlsession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = mybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    try{
        //执行sql
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = userMapper.getUserList();
        //User user = new User ("nan",-1,-1);
        //将返回数据分行输出(若不循环输出 所有数据会在同一行输出)
        for (User user : userList){
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    finally {
        //关闭sqlsession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    }
}

运行效果

 项目结构

 

可能遇到的问题：资源导出失败

<!--当程序找不到xml配置文件或properties配置文件时可手动为其指明位置-->
<!--写入pom.xml文件中-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>main/Java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>

            <resource>
                <directory>main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>