MySQL部署（源码安装）

一、准备MySQL环境

1、清理服务器环境（企业服务中勿用）

[root@xiaolizi ~]# yum -y erase `rpm -qa |  grep -E "mysql|mariadb"`
[root@xiaolizi ~]# rm -rf /etc/my*  /var/lib/mysql* /var/log/mysql*
[root@xiaolizi ~]# [[ ! -f /etc/my.cnf ]] && [[ ! -d /var/lib/mysql ]] && [[ ! -f /usr/bin/mysql ]] && echo "数据库已清除" || echo "数据库未清理"

2、安装mysql的依赖包

[root@xiaolizi ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools"
[root@xiaolizi ~]# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison libgcrypt gcc gcc-c++ make cmake wget

3、添加MySQL用户并创建所需目录

[root@xiaolizi ~]# useradd -M -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@xiaolizi ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@xiaolizi ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/{data,mysql,log,tmp}
[root@xiaolizi ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/{data,mysql,log,tmp}

二、下载MySQL安装包

1、访问MySQL官网获取下载地址（MySQL :: MySQL Downloads）

注：在此页面中根据需求选择自己所需的版本，实例将以5.7.43进行下载安装

右击复制下载链接

下载MySQL源码包地址：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.43.tar.gz

2、下载源码包并解压

[root@xiaolizi ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.43.tar.gz
[root@xiaolizi ~]# tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.43.tar.gz

3、编译安装

（1） cmake 预编译...

[root@xiaolizi ~]# cd mysql-5.7.43
[root@xiaolizi mysql-5.7.24]# cmake . \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0/ \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/data \
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

（2） make 编译...

(lscpu | awk 'NR==4{ print $2 }' 是获取cpu个数，-j 是指定数量  -- 建议多给几核，以节省时间)

[root@xiaolizi mysql-5.7.43]# make -j `lscpu | awk 'NR==4{ print $2 }'`

......
[100%] Built target udf_example

（3） make install 安装...

[root@xiaolizi mysql-5.7.43]# make install

......
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server

3、初始化MySQL安装配置

（1）提升MySQL命令为系统级别命令

[root@xiaolizi ~]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin'>>/etc/profile
[root@xiaolizi ~]# source /etc/profile

（2）拷贝默认配置文件至/etc/my.cnf中

[root@xiaolizi ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@xiaolizi ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test/include
[root@xiaolizi include]# cp /etc/{my.cnf,my.cnf.bak}
[root@xiaolizi include]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/data
tmpdir = /usr/local/tmp
socket = /usr/local/tmp/mysql.sock
pid_file = /usr/local/tmp/mysqld.pid
log_error = /usr/local/log/mysql_error.log
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/log/slow_warn.log

server_id = 1
user = mysql
port = 3306
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
character-set-server = utf8
default_storage_engine = InnoDB

（3）执行数据库服务初始化操作

[root@xiaolizi mysql]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user='mysql'

（4）启动mysqld服务

[root@xiaolizi mysql]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
[1] 25705
2023-10-18T09:19:35.334751Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/log/mysql_error.log'.
2019-10-18T09:19:35.379829Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/data

（5）配置mysqld服务的管理工具(便于启动)

[root@mysql_source support-files]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
[root@mysql_source support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld && systemctl daemon-reload
[root@mysql_source support-files]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@mysql_source support-files]# systemctl enable mysqld

（6）登录数据库并进行更改密码

方法1：登录数据库修改密码

[root@mysql_source mysql]# grep "password" /usr/local/log/mysql_error.log
2023-10-18T09:18:34.214401Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ejhszb2:m3wJ
[root@mysql_source tmp]# mysql -uroot -p"ejhszb2:m3wJ"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.43-log

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by "CSDNyyds@123";

方法2：命令行模式修改数据库密码

[root@xiaolizi ~]# mysqladmin -p"`awk '/temporary password/{p=$NF}END{print p}' /var/log/mysqld.log`" password 'CSDNyyds@123'

注：在安装部署MySQL时，每一步都需要进行 echo $? 进行检验，确保每一步都不会出错。