一、实验拓扑
- 除了R5的环回地址固定5.5.5.0/24,其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分
- R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口,模拟PC,地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内;
- R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.8/24的静态路由,但依然可以访问;
- 全网可达,尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量,避免环路;
- R4与R5间,正常1000m链路通信,故障时自动改为100M;
三、实验步骤
1、配置IP地址及环回地址
R1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.0 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28
R2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28
R3
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 28
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.113 28
R4
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.21 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28
R5
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.1 24
2、配置静态路由
R1
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
R2
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
R3
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
R4
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
R5
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
由于R4与R5间,正常1000m链路通信,故障时自动改为100M则:
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
3、配置缺省路由
R1
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
R2
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
R3
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
R4
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
4、防止黑洞
R1
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0
R2
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0
R3
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0
R4
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
四、测试
将1000M链路断开