这几天一直在写16级的选拔赛的题目,虽然做题量比较大,但大多数都属于很简单的一眼题目,没有太多记录的价值,所以挑选一两道有意义的,整合在一篇之内
UVALive - 7361
Fibonacci 数列的矩阵快速幂求法
http://blog.csdn.net/wang2147483647/article/details/52235119
具体思路可以参照这篇博客的图片
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int MOD = 1e9;
struct Matrix
{
ll a[2][2];
Matrix(ll b = 1, ll c = 1, ll d = 1, ll e = 0)
{
a[0][0] = b, a[0][1] = c, a[1][0] = d, a[1][1] = e;
}
};
Matrix multipy(const Matrix rhs1, const Matrix rhs2)
{
Matrix res;
res.a[0][0] = ((rhs1.a[0][0] * rhs2.a[0][0]) % MOD + (rhs1.a[0][1] * rhs2.a[1][0]) % MOD) % MOD;
res.a[0][1] = ((rhs1.a[0][0] * rhs2.a[0][1]) % MOD + (rhs1.a[0][1] * rhs2.a[1][1]) % MOD) % MOD;
res.a[1][0] = ((rhs1.a[1][0] * rhs2.a[0][0]) % MOD + (rhs1.a[1][1] * rhs2.a[1][0]) % MOD) % MOD;
res.a[1][1] = ((rhs1.a[1][0] * rhs2.a[0][1]) % MOD + (rhs1.a[1][1] * rhs2.a[1][1]) % MOD) % MOD;
return res;
}
int main()
{
int p; scanf("%d", &p);
while (p--)
{
ll k, y; scanf("%lld%lld", &k, &y);
Matrix ans(1, 0, 0, 1);
Matrix tem;
y--;
while (y)
{
if (y & 1)
ans = multipy(ans, tem);
tem = multipy(tem, tem);
y >>= 1;
}
printf("%lld %lld\n", k, ans.a[0][0]);
}
return 0;
}
CodeForces - 300C
组合数的逆元使用
inv(a, p) 可以有两种方法可以求出
- a^p-2 利用快速幂计算
- extgcd(a, p, x, y) 其中的x就为逆元,另外要注意x % p,以及x < 0的情况 (所以,逆元有多个?
第一种方法代码
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int maxn = 1e6 + 10;
const ll MOD = 1e9 + 7;
ll fact[maxn];
bool check(ll sum, ll a, ll b)
{
ll st;
while (sum)
{
st = sum % 10;
if (st != a && st != b) return false;
sum /= 10;
}
return true;
}
ll fast_pow(ll x, ll cnt)
{
ll ans = 1;
while (cnt)
{
if (cnt & 1) ans = (ans * x) % MOD;
x = (x * x) % MOD;
cnt >>= 1;
}
return ans;
}
ll inv(ll a, ll p)
{
return fast_pow(a, p - 2);
}
int main()
{
ll a, b, n; scanf("%lld%lld%lld", &a, &b, &n);
fact[0] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) fact[i] = (i * fact[i - 1]) % MOD;
ll ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
{
if (check(i * a + (n - i) * b, a, b))
{
ll use = (fact[i] * fact[n - i]) % MOD;
use = inv(use, MOD) % MOD;
ans += (fact[n] * use) % MOD;
ans %= MOD;
}
}
printf("%lld\n", ans);
return 0;
}
第二种方法代码
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const int maxn = 1e6 + 10;
ll fact[maxn];
bool check(ll sum, ll a, ll b)
{
while (sum > 0)
{
ll st = sum % 10;
if (st != a && st != b) return false;
sum /= 10;
}
return true;
}
ll extgcd(ll a, ll b, ll & x, ll & y)
{
ll d = a;
if (b)
{
d = extgcd(b, a % b, y, x);
y -= (a / b) * x;
}
else
{
x = 1, y = 0;
}
return d;
}
ll inv(ll a, ll p)
{
ll d, x, y;
d = extgcd(a, p, x, y);
x %= p;
while (x < 0)
{
x += p;
}
return x;
}
int main()
{
ll a, b, n; scanf("%lld%lld%lld", &a, &b, &n);
fact[0] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) fact[i] = (i * fact[i - 1]) % MOD;
ll ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
{
if (check(i * a + (n - i) * b, a, b))
{
ll use = (fact[i] * fact[n - i]) % MOD;
use = inv(use, MOD) % MOD;
ans += (fact[n] * use) % MOD;
ans %= MOD;
}
}
printf("%lld\n", ans);
return 0;
}
UVA - 303
可以算线段相交的题目?没写过几何不知道,被精度卡的死死的
思路比较明确,枚举直线,判断上下成对的点,是不是在自己所构造直线的同一侧。如果是,则说明发生了交点,把这个交点计算出来就可以
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 100;
const double eps = 1e-6;
int cnt;
struct Point
{
double x, y;
Point(double x = 0.0, double y = 0.0) : x(x), y(y) {}
bool operator < (const Point & rhs) const
{
return x < rhs.x;
}
}point[maxn];
struct Line
{
Point a, b;
Line(Point a = Point(0.0, 0.0), Point b = Point(0.0, 0.0)) :a(a), b(b) {}
}line[maxn];
Point get_inter(Line & line1, Line & line2)
{
Point res;
double xx1 = line1.a.x, yy1 = line1.a.y;
double xx2 = line1.b.x, yy2 = line1.b.y;
double xx3 = line2.a.x, yy3 = line2.a.y;
double xx4 = line2.b.x, yy4 = line2.b.y;
double k1 = (yy2 - yy1) / (xx2 - xx1);
double k2 = (yy4 - yy3) / (xx4 - xx3);
double tem = k1 * xx1 - k2 * xx3 + yy3 - yy1;
res.x = tem / (k1 - k2);
res.y = k1 * (res.x - xx1) + yy1;
return res;
}
bool inLine(Line ll, Point aa)
{
double xx1 = min(ll.a.x, ll.b.x);
double xx2 = max(ll.a.x, ll.b.x);
double yy1 = min(ll.a.y, ll.b.y);
double yy2 = max(ll.a.y, ll.b.y);
return ((aa.x - xx1) <= eps || xx1 <= aa.x)
&& ((aa.x - xx2) <= eps || aa.x <= xx2)
&& ((aa.y - yy1) <= eps || yy1 <= aa.y)
&& ((aa.y - yy2) <= eps || aa.y <= yy2);
}
double get_var(Line line, const Point & p)
{
double xx1 = line.a.x, yy1 = line.a.y;
double xx2 = line.b.x, yy2 = line.b.y;
double k1 = (yy2 - yy1) / (xx2 - xx1);
double yy = (p.x - xx1) * k1 + yy1;
if (abs(p.y - yy) <= eps) return 0.0;
else if (p.y > yy) return 1;
else return -1;
}
vector<Point> pool;
int n;
bool solve(Line ll, int ij)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
int v1 = get_var(ll, point[i]);
int v2 = get_var(ll, point[i + n]);
if (v1 * v2 > 0)
{
if (i < ij) return false;
Point use = get_inter(ll, line[2 * i - 1]);
if (inLine(line[2 * i - 1], use)) pool.push_back(use);
use = get_inter(ll, line[2 * i - 2]);
if (inLine(line[2 * i - 2], use)) pool.push_back(use);
return true;
}
}
return true;
}
int main()
{
while (scanf("%d", &n) && n)
{
cnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
double x, y; scanf("%lf%lf", &x, &y);
point[i] = Point(x, y);
point[i + n] = Point(x, y - 1);
if (i)
{
line[cnt++] = Line(point[i - 1], point[i]);
line[cnt++] = Line(point[i + n - 1], point[i + n]);
}
}
int lim = 2 * n;
double ans;
bool first = true;
for (int i = 0; i < lim; i++)
{
for (int j = i + 1; j < lim; j++)
{
pool.clear();
Point a = point[i];
Point b = point[j];
int ij = max(i % n, j % n);
if (a.x == b.x) continue;
if (a.x > b.x) swap(a, b);
Line ll = Line(a, b);
if (!solve(ll, ij)) continue;
if (pool.size() == 0)
{
puts("Through all the pipe.");
goto TT;
}
sort(pool.begin(), pool.end());
Point use = pool[pool.size() - 1];
if (first || use.x > ans)
{
first = false;
ans = use.x;
}
}
}
printf("%.2lf\n", ans);
TT:;
}
return 0;
}
HDU - 4268
二维贪心的经典题目,使用multiset来完成,对其中一维sort排序,对于另一维找最接近的
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1e5 + 10;
struct Node
{
int x, y, id;
Node(int x = 0, int y = 0, int id = 0) : x(x), y(y), id(id) {}
bool operator < (const Node & rhs) const
{
return x <= rhs.x || x == rhs.x && y < rhs.y;
}
}node_a[maxn], node_b[maxn];
int n;
multiset<int> S;
int main()
{
int t; scanf("%d", &t);
while (t--)
{
scanf("%d", &n);
S.clear();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
int x, y; scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
node_a[i] = Node(x, y);
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
int x, y; scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
node_b[i] = Node(x, y);
}
sort(node_a, node_a + n);
sort(node_b, node_b + n);
int j = 0;
multiset<int> ::iterator it;
int ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
while (j < n && (node_b[j].x <= node_a[i].x))
{
S.insert(node_b[j].y);
j++;
}
it = S.upper_bound(node_a[i].y);
if (it == S.begin()) continue;
--it;
S.erase(it);
ans++;
}
printf("%d\n", ans);
}
return 0;
}