集合基础

集合类的特点:提供一种存储空间可变的存储模型，存储的数据容量可以发生改变

集合和数组的区别:

共同点:都是存储数据的容器

不同点 : 数组的容量是固定的，集合的容量是可变的

ArrayList<E>

可调整大小的数组实现

<E>:是一种特殊的数据类型，泛型

public class J01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("张三");
        list.add("李四");
        list.add("王五");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            String s=list.get(i);
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

public class Student {
    private String sid;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String birthday;
    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String sid, String name, int age, String birthday) {
        this.sid = sid;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSid() {
        return sid;
    }

    public void setSid(String sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}




import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentManger {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();

        lo:while (true){
            System.out.println("------欢迎来到学生管理系统-------");
            System.out.println("1 添加学生");
            System.out.println("2 删除学生");
            System.out.println("3 修改学生");
            System.out.println("4 查看学生");
            System.out.println("5 退出");
            System.out.println("请输入您的选择");

            String choice = sc.next();
            switch (choice){
                case "1":
                    //System.out.println("添加学生");
                    addStudent(list);
                    break;
                case "2":
                    //System.out.println("删除学生");
                    deleteStudent(list);
                    break;
                case "3":
                    //System.out.println("修改学生");
                    updateStudent(list);
                    break;
                case "4":
                    //System.out.println("查看学生");
                    queryStudents(list);
                    break;
                case "5":
                    System.out.println("感谢您的使用");
                    break lo;
                default:
                    System.out.println("您的输入有误");
                    break;
            }
        }

    }
    //修改学生
    public static void updateStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        System.out.println("请输入您要修改的学生学号:");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String updateSid = sc.next();
        int index = getIndex(list, updateSid);
        if (index==-1){
            System.out.println("查无信息,请重新输入");
        }else {
            System.out.println("请输入新的学生姓名:");
            String name = sc.next();
            System.out.println("请输入新的学生年龄:");
            int age = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.println("请输入新的学生生日:");
            String birtrhday = sc.next();
            Student stu = new Student(updateSid,name,age,birtrhday);
            list.set(index,stu);
            System.out.println("修改成功");
        }
    }

    //删除学生
    public static void deleteStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        System.out.println("请输入您要删除的学生学号:");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String deleteSid = sc.next();
        int index = getIndex(list, deleteSid);
        if (index==-1){
            System.out.println("查无信息,请重新输入");
        }else {
            list.remove(index);
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
    }

    //查看学生
    public static void queryStudents(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        if (list.size()==0){
            System.out.println("无信息,请先添加在重新查询");
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("学号\t\t姓名\t年龄\t生日");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = list.get(i);
            System.out.println(stu.getSid()+"\t"+stu.getName()+"\t"+stu.getAge()+"\t"+stu.getBirthday());
        }
    }

    //添加学生
    public static void addStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String sid;
        while (true){
            System.out.println("请输入学号:");
            sid = sc.next();
            int index = getIndex(list, sid);
            if (index==-1){
                break;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("请输入姓名:");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入年龄:");
        int age = sc.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入生日:");
        String birtrhday = sc.next();

        Student stu = new Student(sid,name,age,birtrhday);
        list.add(stu);
        System.out.println("添加成功");
    }
    //查找索引
    public static int getIndex(ArrayList<Student> list,String sid){
        int index=-1;
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = list.get(i);
            String id = stu.getSid();
            if (id.equals(sid)){
                index=i;
            }
        }
        return index;
    }
}