Android常用控件之Toast与AlertDialog的常规用法和自定义用法

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-01 11:55:56 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-01 11:55:56 发布

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分类专栏： android 文章标签： android Toast Dialog

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/NiZhuanXingHeIT/article/details/48032251

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概述

1、Toast： a、用来显示信息；b、没有焦点，显示时间有限；c、不会打断用户当前的操作
常用方法： show():用于显示信息。
setGravity(): #param：int gravity，int xOffset，int yOffset；用于设置信息的显示的位置。
setText():用于显示信息的文本,可以传入Spanner类的内容。
setView():用于设置信息的布局。
Dialog： 常用的又AlertDialog，继承于Dialog。

知识内容

Toast

Toast有常规用法和自定义用法，所谓自定义用法，就是用setView()方法给Toast的信息提示提供一个自定义布局，达到特殊的目的。
java部分用两个按键的分别测试Toast的富文本用法和自定义用法

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private Button toastButton;
    private Button toastButton2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        toastButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.toast_btn);
        toastButton.setOnClickListener(this);

        toastButton2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.toast_btn2);
        toastButton2.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.toast_btn:
                //Toast的setText可以传入一个富文本
                Toast toast;
                toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "我是你Toast爸爸", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
                Spanned spanned = Html.fromHtml("我是<font color='#55ff0000'>toast</font><img src=''>", new Html.ImageGetter() {
                    @Override
                    public Drawable getDrawable(String source) {
                        Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
                        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight());
                        return null;
                    }
                }, null);
                toast.setText(spanned);
                toast.setGravity(Gravity.LEFT | Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 0);
                toast.show();
            case R.id.toast_btn2:
                //自定义Toast即是给Toast设置一个自定义布局以显示信息
                Toast toast2 = new Toast(getApplicationContext());
                LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();
                View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.toast_view, null);
                TextView textView_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.content_text);
                textView_content.setText("我是内容");
                toast2.setView(view);
                toast2.setDuration(Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
                toast2.show();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

布局文件activity_main

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
                android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
                android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
                android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
                tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/toast_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="测试Toast"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/toast_btn2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/toast_btn"
        android:text="测试自定义Toast"/>

</RelativeLayout>

Toast用于显示信息的自定义布局toast_view

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent"
              android:gravity="center_horizontal"
              android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/title_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="我是标题"/>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:src="@drawable/abc_btn_rating_star_off_mtrl_alpha"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/content_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="我是内容"/>

</LinearLayout>

结果演示：
这里写图片描述

AlertDialog

AlertDialog可以有多种形式：带有信息的简单对话框、可选择的对话框、单选对话框、多选对话框等
java部分，用四哥按钮来测试四种对话框

public class DialogActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private Button dialogButton;
    private Button dialogButton2;
    private Button dialogButton3;
    private Button dialogButton4;


    private String[] mSexs = {"男","女","其他"};
    private String[] mData = {"第一个数据","第二个数据","第三个数据","第四个数据","第五个数据"};
    private String[] mHobbys = {"篮球","乒乓球","游泳","跑步","健身"};
    private boolean[] mCheckedManager;//用于存储checkbox的是否被选中的状态

    private StringBuffer hobby;
    private String sex;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.layout_dialog);

        dialogButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_dialog);
        dialogButton.setOnClickListener(this);

        dialogButton2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2_dialog);
        dialogButton2.setOnClickListener(this);

        dialogButton3 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button3_dialog);
        dialogButton3.setOnClickListener(this);

        dialogButton4 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button4_dialog);
        dialogButton4.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()){
            case R.id.button_dialog:
               simpleDialog();
                break;
            case R.id.button2_dialog:
                selectedDialog();
                break;
            case R.id.button3_dialog:
                singleDialog();
                break;
            case R.id.button4_dialog:
                mutiSelectedDialog();
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    //建议对话框
    public void simpleDialog(){

        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);
        builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).setTitle("我是标题").setMessage("我是内容")
                .setNegativeButton("NegativeButton", new OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中NegativeButton", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }).setNeutralButton("NeutralButton", new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中NeutralButton", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }).setPositiveButton("PositiveButton", new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中PositiveButton", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        AlertDialog dialog = builder.create();
        dialog.show();
    }
    //可选对话框
    public void selectedDialog(){
        AlertDialog.Builder builder2 = new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);
        builder2.setTitle("多选型Dialog");
        builder2.setItems(mData, new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中了第" + which + "个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        AlertDialog dialog1 = builder2.create();
        dialog1.show();
    }
    //单选对话框
    public void singleDialog(){
        sex = mSexs[0];
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);
        builder.setTitle("单选Dialog");
        builder.setSingleChoiceItems(mSexs, 0, new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                sex = mSexs[which];
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中的性别是" + sex, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

        builder.setNeutralButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                dialogButton3.setText("您选中的性别是" + sex);
            }

        });

        builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

            }
        });
        builder.show();//builder.show()也可以直接显示对话框
    }
    //多选对话框
    public void mutiSelectedDialog(){
        mCheckedManager = new boolean[mHobbys.length];
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);
        builder.setTitle("[title]请选中您爱好的运动");
        builder.setMultiChoiceItems(mHobbys, mCheckedManager, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
                mCheckedManager[which] = isChecked;
            }
        });
        builder.setNeutralButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                hobby = new StringBuffer();
                for (int i = 0; i < mHobbys.length; i++) {
                    if (mCheckedManager[i]) {
                        hobby.append(mHobbys[i]);
                    }
                }
                dialogButton4.setText("您的爱好是："+hobby);
            }
        });
        builder.show();
    }

}

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:orientation="vertical"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_dialog"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="弹出一个最简单的dialog"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2_dialog"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示选择的Dialog"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3_dialog"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示单选Dialog"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4_dialog"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示多选Dialog"/>
</LinearLayout>