阻塞模式下socket连接connect超时后长达75秒，如何避免

一句话总结：设置非阻塞，用select等待一段时间看是否连接成功，连接成功再设回阻塞模式。

注意select第一个参数一定要加1，否则描述符刚好不在集合当中，会出现超时返回0不可读不可写但send、recv正常的情况。

先看实例再看select定义

server：

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

using namespace std;
int main()
{
	struct sockaddr_in serAddr;
	int listenSock, cnntSock;
	listenSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	serAddr.sin_port = htons(1270);

	bind(listenSock, (const struct sockaddr *)&serAddr, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
	listen(listenSock, 10);

	struct timeval tv = {3,0};//3s 超时
	setsockopt(listenSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char *)&tv, sizeof(struct timeval));

	struct sockaddr_in cliAddr;
	socklen_t len = sizeof(sockaddr_in);
	while (1)
	{
        memset(&cliAddr, 0, sizeof(cliAddr));
		cout << "wait accept..." << endl;
		cnntSock = accept(listenSock, (struct sockaddr*)&cliAddr, &len);
        if (0 == cliAddr.sin_port)
            continue;
		cout<< "IP:" <<inet_ntoa(cliAddr.sin_addr) <<", port:"<<cliAddr.sin_port<<endl;
		unsigned int total = 0;
		int cnt = 0;
                
		while(1)
		{
            send(cnntSock, "hello", 6, 0);
            cout <<"read msg..."<<endl;
			char buf[6000] = {0};
			int ret = recv(cnntSock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); //wait 3 sec
			if (-1 == ret)
				break;
			total += ret;
			cout << "msg:" <<endl;
			cout << buf;
			cout << "recv msg size:" << ret << ",total size:" << total <<endl;
			cnt++;
                        
			if (2==cnt)
				break;
		}
		cout << "close connect..." << endl;
		close(cnntSock);
	}
	close(listenSock);
	return 0;
}

client：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
using namespace std;

int main()  
{  
    int sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);  
    struct sockaddr_in addrSrv;  
    addrSrv.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");  
    addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;  
    addrSrv.sin_port = htons(1270); 
    struct timeval tv = {3,0};//3s 超时
    setsockopt(sockClient, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, (char *)&tv, sizeof(struct timeval));
 
    int flag = fcntl(sockClient, F_GETFL, 0);
    flag |= O_NONBLOCK;
    fcntl(sockClient, F_SETFL, flag);
    int ret = connect(sockClient, ( const struct sockaddr *)&addrSrv, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));  
    printf("ret:%d\n", ret);
    fd_set rfd, wfd;
    FD_ZERO(&rfd);
    FD_ZERO(&wfd);
    FD_SET(sockClient, &rfd);
    FD_SET(sockClient, &wfd);
    ret = select(sockClient+1, &rfd, &wfd, NULL, &tv);

    printf("ret:%d\n", ret);
    sleep(3);
    if (FD_ISSET(sockClient, &rfd))
    {
        char buf[1024] = {0};
        recv(sockClient, buf, 1024, 0);
        printf("recv:%s\n", buf);
        printf("sock is readable\n");
    }
    else
    {
        char buf[1024] = {0};
        recv(sockClient, buf, 1024, 0);
        printf("recv:%s\n", buf);
        printf("sock is not readable\n");
    }

    if (FD_ISSET(sockClient, &wfd))
        printf("sock is writable\n");
    else
    {
        printf("sock is not writable\n");
    }

    flag = fcntl(sockClient, F_GETFL, 0