BGP（域间路由协议）

 一、子网划分

将172.16.0.0/16的网段划分为172.16.0.0/24的多个网段，因为在实际工程当中，24的网段更符合用户网段，因此先将网段划分为172.16.0.0 /24的多个子网掩码为24的网段，再将172.16.0.0/24的多个网段进行划分，将172.16.0.0/24的网段用于P2P网络当中，将172.16.1.0/24的网段用于MA网络当中，每个路由器的环回接口都使用一个子网掩码为24的网段。

172.16.0.0/16

    172.16.0.0/24  ---P2P网络

    172.16.1.0/24  ---MA网络

            172.16.1.0/29

            172.16.1.8/29

            172.16.1.16/29

            172.16.1.24/29

            172.16.1.32/29

            172.16.1.40/29       

    172.16.2.0/24  ---R2环回

    172.16.3.0/24  ---R3环回

    172.16.4.0/24  ---R4环回

    172.16.5.0/24  ---R5环回

    172.16.6.0/24  ---R6环回

172.16.7.0/24  ---R7环回

二、给所有路由器配置IP地址

R1

[r1]int g 0/0/0

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 12.0.0.1 24

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0

[r1-LoopBack0]ip a 192.168.1.1 24

[r1-LoopBack0]int lo1

[r1-LoopBack1]ip a 10.0.0.1 24

R2

[r2]int g0/0/0

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 12.0.0.2 24

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0

[r2-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.2.1 24

[r2]int g 0/0/1

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.1 29

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip a 172.16.1.9 29

R3

[r3]int g0/0/0

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.2 29

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0

[r3-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.3.1 24

[r3-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.17 29

R4

[r4]int g0/0/0

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.18 29

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.25 29

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0

[r4-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.4.1 24

R5

[r5]int g 0/0/0

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.10 29

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.133 29

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0

[r5-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.5.1 24

R6

[r6]int g 0/0/0

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.34 29

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0

[r6-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.6.1 24

[r6-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.41 29

R7

[r7]int g0/0/0

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.42 29

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0

[r7-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.7.1 24

[r7-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.26 29

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip a 78.0.0.1 24

R8

[r8]int g 0/0/0

[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 78.0.0.2 24

[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0

[r8-LoopBack0]ip a 192.168.2.1 24

[r8-LoopBack0]int lo1

[r8-LoopBack1]ip a 11.0.0.1 24

三、启用ospf协议

R2

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[r2-ospf-1]a 0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R3

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[r3-ospf-1]a 0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R4

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4

[r4-ospf-1]a 0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R5

[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5

[r5-ospf-1]a 0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R6

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6

[r6-ospf-1]a 0

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R7

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

[r7-ospf-1]a 0

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

四、对所有设备启用BGP协议，并进行对等体的建立

R1

[r1]bgp 1

[r1-bgp]route-select

[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1 

[r1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as 2

R2

[r2]bgp 64512 

[r2-bgp]route-select

[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2 

[r2-bgp]confederation id 2  

[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513

[r2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as 1 

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as 64512  

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0  

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as 64513 

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 ebgp-max-hop 2 

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local

R3

[r3]bgp 64512

[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3

[r3-bgp]confederation id 2

[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as 64512 

[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as 64512

[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R4

[r4]bgp 64512

[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4

[r4-bgp]confederation id 2

[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513

[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as 64512

[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513

[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

R5

[r5]bgp 64513

[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5 

[r5-bgp]confederation id 2

[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512

[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as 64512

[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as 64513

[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R6

[r6]bgp 64513

[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6  

[r6-bgp]confederation id 2

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as 64513 

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R7

[r7]bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7  

[r7-bgp]confederation id 2

[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as 64513

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0 

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as 64512

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r7-bgp]peer 78.0.0.2 as 3

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-local

R8

[r8]bgp 3  

[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8   

[r8-bgp]peer 78.0.0.1 as 2

宣告：

[r1]bgp 1

[r1-bgp]ne       

[r1-bgp]network 10.0.0.0 24

[r1-bgp]

[r8]bgp 3

[r8-bgp]ne       

[r8-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 24

 修改下一跳：

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-local

六、破除IBGP之间的水平分割，配置路由反射器

R3 

[r3]bgp 64512   

[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-client

R6

[r6]bgp 64513

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 reflect-client

七、做空接口、汇总以及宣告

R2

[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0  

[r2]bgp 64512

[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

R7

[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 22 NULL 0

[r7]bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

八、建立GRE隧道，来实现两个环回的通化讯

R1

[r1]int t0/0/0

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 192.168.10.1 24 

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre 

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.1

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 11.0.0.1 

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 99.0.0.2

R8

[r8]int t0/0/0

[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 192.168.10.2 24

[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre 

[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 11.0.0.1

[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.0.0.1

[r8]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 99.0.0.1

至此实验结束。