对try catch的一点理解

 

直接用一点java调shell代码来说明吧。

第一种方式我称为竖直式，这种方式的特点就是挨个挨个处理catch，成功了再往下一步，如果遇见了则把这个catch点之前所有的资源释放。

优点是不会有逻辑错误

缺点是繁杂

    public static CommandResult 竖直式(String command) {
        Process process;
        try {
            process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        }

        try {
            process.waitFor();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {//释放这个catch之前所有的资源
            process.destroy();
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        }

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
        String tmep;
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(256);
        try {
            while ((tmep = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                builder.append(tmep);
                builder.append("\n");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {//释放这个catch之前所有的资源
            try {
                reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e1) {
                return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e1.getMessage());
            }
            process.destroy();
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            reader.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {//释放这个catch之前所有的资源
            process.destroy();
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        }

        process.destroy();

        return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_SUCCESS, builder.toString(), null);
    }

第二种我cheng称为统一式，特点是都放在try里面，然后根据资源是否为空释放资源。

优点是简洁明了

缺点是你时不时怀疑自己漏掉了逻辑，然后反复看这段代码

    public static CommandResult 统一式(String command) {
        Process process = null;
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        try {
            process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
            process.waitFor();

            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
            String tmep;
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(256);

            while ((tmep = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                builder.append(tmep);
                builder.append("\n");
            }
            reader.close();
            process.destroy();

            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_SUCCESS, builder.toString(), null);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        } finally {//全放在一个try里面，然后根据是否是null释放资源
            if (reader != null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (process != null) {
                process.destroy();
            }

        }
    }

第三种我称为嵌套式，特点是try catch嵌套（这个方式算是java编程之道一书里推荐的吧），然后根据按层释放资源（这是我自己琢磨的）。

优点是不会漏掉任何一个资源

缺点是仅次于第一种的繁杂，也需要你仔细查看方法抛出的异常

    public static CommandResult 嵌套式(String command) {
        try {
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);

            try {
                process.waitFor();
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
                String tmep;
                StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(256);

                try {
                    while ((tmep = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        builder.append(tmep);
                        builder.append("\n");
                    }
                    return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_SUCCESS, builder.toString(), null);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
                } finally {
                    try {
                        reader.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
                    }
                }

            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
            } finally {
                process.destroy();
            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        }
    }

第四种则是java 7的新特性，try()自动释放资源，和嵌套式一起使用如下。

    public static CommandResult exec(String command) {
        try {
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);

            try {
                process.waitFor();

                try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {
                    String tmep;
                    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(256);
                    while ((tmep = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        builder.append(tmep);
                        builder.append("\n");
                    }
                    return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_SUCCESS, builder.toString(), null);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
                }

            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
            } finally {
                process.destroy();
            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            return new CommandResult(CommandResult.RESULT_ERROR, null, e.getMessage());
        }
    }