Lambda表达式(1)|(List集合排序)
前言
本章节主要介绍java8的新特性Lambda表达式Comparator.comparing基于List实现根据object字段的升序,倒序,为空校验,多条件排序等。
一、java8中Lambda是什么?
Lambda 表达式是 JDK8 的一个新特性,可以取代大部分的匿名内部类,写出更优雅的 Java 代码,尤其在集合的遍历和其他集合操作中,可以极大地优化代码结构。语法形式为 () -> {},其中 () 用来描述参数列表,{} 用来描述方法体,-> 为 lambda运算符。
二、数据准备
1.创建实体
创造Object实体
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class EmployeeDto {
private String id;
private String name;
private String no_id;
private String dept;
private int year;
private EmpInfoPo info;
}
2.初始化数据
构建List实体数据
{"dept":"研发部1","id":"001","info":{"age":25,"birth":"1990-10-12","gender":1,"like":"打篮球"},"name":"员工1号","no_id":"YF001","year":2}
{"dept":"","id":"002","info":{"age":25,"birth":"1990-10-12","gender":1,"like":"打篮球"},"name":"员工2号","no_id":"YF001","year":5}
{"id":"003","info":{"age":25,"birth":"1990-10-12","gender":1,"like":"打篮球"},"name":"员工3号","no_id":"YF001","year":7}
{"dept":"研发部4","id":"004","info":{"age":25,"birth":"1990-10-12","gender":1,"like":"打篮球"},"name":"员工4号","no_id":"YF001","year":6}
{"dept":"研发部5","id":"005","info":{"age":25,"birth":"1990-10-12","gender":1,"like":"打篮球"},"name":"员工5号","no_id":"YF001","year":4}
{"dept":"研发部6","id":"006","info":{"age":25,"birth":"1990-10-12","gender":1,"like":"打篮球"},"name":"员工1号","no_id":"YF001","year":2}
三、Lambda排序
1.排序方式对比(降序、升序)
集合方式排序、stream方式排序对比
.reversed()为将集合倒置
Comparator.reverseOrder()直接进行倒序
public static void sortV1(List<EmployeeDto> employeeList){
//方式一 集合方式 旧
employeeList.sort((o1, o2) -> o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName()));
//方法二 集合方式
employeeList.sort(Comparator.comparing(EmployeeDto::getYear));
//方法三 Stream方式 排完序后倒序
List<EmployeeDto> collect = employeeList.stream()
.sorted(Comparator.comparing(EmployeeDto::getYear).reversed())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
//方法四 Stream方式 直接计算倒序
List<EmployeeDto> collect2 = employeeList.stream()
.sorted(Comparator.comparing(EmployeeDto::getYear,Comparator.reverseOrder()))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
}
2.多字段排序
对Object的多个字段进行排序
thenComparingInt 继续进行int字段的比较
public static void sortV4(List<EmployeeDto> employeeList){
// 方式一 集合方式
Collections.sort(employeeList, Comparator.comparing(EmployeeDto::getName)
.thenComparingInt(EmployeeDto::getYear));
// 方式二 Stream方式
List<EmployeeDto> collect = employeeList.stream()
.sorted(Comparator.comparing(EmployeeDto::getName).thenComparingInt(EmployeeDto::getYear))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
}
3.空字段,空元素排序
对Object为空或者Object属性为空的数据排序
Comparator.nullsFirst() 有空的元素放在最前面
Comparator.nullsLast(String::compareTo) 有空的字段放在最后面
public static void sortV3(List<EmployeeDto> employeeList){
employeeList.add(null);
// 方式一 集合方式
Collections.sort(employeeList, Comparator.nullsFirst(Comparator.comparing(EmployeeDto::getDept)).reversed());
// 方式二 Stream方式
List<EmployeeDto> collect = employeeList.stream()
.sorted(Comparator.nullsFirst(
Comparator.comparing(EmployeeDto::getDept,Comparator.nullsLast(String::compareTo))))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
print(collect);
}
注意:当数据有空(null)的时候,如果没有使用上面函数将会报空指针异常
总结
以上就是Java8新特性Lambda表达式实现集合List排序中常见的几种场景以及可能遇到的问题。后续会慢慢完善Lambda表达式的去重遍历过滤等