SpringBoot集成security(4)|(security基于JWT实现前后端分离自定义登录)
章节
第一章链接: SpringBoot集成security(1)|(security入门)
第二章链接: SpringBoot集成security(2)|(security自定义配置)
第三章链接: SpringBoot集成security(3)|(security的前后端分离登录以及响应处理)
第四章链接: SpringBoot集成security(4)|(security基于JWT实现前后端分离自定义登录)
前言
上一章节我们介绍了springboot基于security的用户配置,权限配置,资源配置。并且我们重写了login表单登录,且认证授权异常的报错都做了统一处理,但是这样还是有一些问题例如有的希望自己定义一个接口,并且实现token认证管理,实现前后端分离,鉴于现在大多项目都是前后端分离,我们这个章节来实现基于前后端分离的JWT登录.
本片文章是在上一篇基础上进行的扩展,如果大家对项目基础不是很清楚请查看上一篇文章
一、项目依赖
主要包含security的依赖以及一些工具类的依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.7</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- springboot start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- springboot依赖 end-->
<!--wagger2依赖start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
<artifactId>knife4j-spring-ui</artifactId>
<version>3.0.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--常用工具依赖start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
<version>4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>30.1.1-jre</version>
</dependency>
<!--fastjson引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.49</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.15</version>
</dependency>
<!--security引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--数据库引入引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!--jwt引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>2.9.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
二、自定义响应处理
自定义响应处理主要是定义好响应格式,方便前后端连调
1、定义响应体ResponseHandle
@Data
public class ResponseHandle<T> {
private String status;
private String desc;
private T data;
// 成功 无参构成函数
public static ResponseHandle SUCCESS(){
ResponseHandle result = new ResponseHandle();
result.setDesc("成功");
result.setResultCode(HttpCode.SUCCESS);
return result;
}
//成功 有返回数据构造函数
public static ResponseHandle SUCCESS(Object data){
ResponseHandle result = new ResponseHandle();
result.setData(data);
result.setResultCode(HttpCode.SUCCESS);
return result;
}
/**
* 失败,指定status、desc
*/
public static ResponseHandle FAIL(String status, String desc) {
ResponseHandle result = new ResponseHandle();
result.setStatus(status);
result.setDesc(desc);
return result;
}
/**
* 失败,指定ResultCode枚举
*/
public static ResponseHandle FAIL(HttpCode resultCode) {
ResponseHandle result = new ResponseHandle();
result.setResultCode(resultCode);
return result;
}
/**
* 把ResultCode枚举转换为ResResult
*/
private void setResultCode(HttpCode code) {
this.status = code.code();
this.desc = code.message();
}
}
2、定义响应枚举HttpCode
public enum HttpCode {
// 成功状态码
SUCCESS("00000", "成功"),
UNKNOWN_ERROR("99999", "服务未知异常"),
// 系统500错误
SYSTEM_ERROR("10000", "系统异常,请稍后重试"),
// 认证错误:20001-29999
USER_NOAUTH("20000", "用户未登录"),
TOKEN_ERROR("20001", "生成token失败"),
LOGIN_ERROR("20002", "登录失败"),
USER_LOCKED("20004", "账户已锁定"),
USER_PASS_OUT("20005", "用户名或密码错误次数过多"),
USER_NOTFIND_ERROR("20006", "没有找到用户"),
USER_ERROR("20007", "用户名或密码不正确"),
USER_CODE("20008", "验证码输入有误,请重新输入!"),
USER_DISABLE("20009", "该账号也被禁用,请联系管理员!"),
USER_INFOERROR("20010", "用户信息获取异常!"),
USER_NOAUTHON("20011", "用户没有权限访问"),
;
private String code;
private String message;
HttpCode(String code, String message) {
this.code = code;
this.message = message;
}
public String code() {
return this.code;
}
public String message() {
return this.message;
}
}
三、自定义用户登录响应类
主要是用户访问资源时检查到该用户没有登录、和用户登录了没有访问权限场景下的返回前端信息格式
1、用户未登录提示
@Component
public class RestfulAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);
ResponseHandle fail = ResponseHandle.FAIL(HttpCode.USER_NOAUTHON);
response.getWriter().write(JSONObject.toJSONString(fail));
}
}
2、用户没有访问权限处理
@Component
public class RestAuthorizationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);
ResponseHandle fail = ResponseHandle.FAIL(HttpCode.USER_NOAUTH);
response.getWriter().write(JSONObject.toJSONString(fail));
}
}
四、自定义登录实现
1、JwtAuthencationTokenFilter介绍
BasicAuthenticationFilter过滤器和OncePerRequestFilter过滤器效果一样,是security实现用户登录认证的过滤器,改过滤器在用户访问的时候进行来接,我们可以继承该类,然后重写doFilterInternal方法,实现自定义的token拦截,这样每次接口访问资源都会对token进行来接,查看是否有效以及过期。
2、自定义用户名密码登录接口实现
该处用户可以自定义自己的实现逻辑,例如用户密码加密,返回参数等。
1、登录接口
@Api(tags = {"登录相关接口"})
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/oak")
public class LoginCtrl {
@Autowired
private LoginService loginService;
@ApiOperation(value = "用户登录接口", notes = "登录")
@PostMapping("/login")
public ResponseHandle login(@RequestBody User user, HttpServletRequest request) {
return loginService.login(user, request);
}
}
2、登录实现server
@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {
@Autowired
private UserServiceImpl userDetailsService;
@Autowired
private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
@Override
public ResponseHandle login(User user, HttpServletRequest request) {
String username = user.getUsername();
String password = user.getPassword();
// String code = user.getCode();
// // 验证码
// String captcha = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("captcha");
// // 判断验证码
// if ("".equals(code) || !captcha.equalsIgnoreCase(code)) {
// return ResponseHandle.FAIL(HttpCode.USER_CODE);
// }
UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
if (userDetails.isEnabled()) {
if (null == userDetails || !passwordEncoder.matches(password, userDetails.getPassword())) {
return ResponseHandle.FAIL(HttpCode.USER_ERROR);
}
// 更新security登录用户对象
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
// authenticationToken.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
//将authenticationToken放入spring security全局中
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authenticationToken);
// 创建一个token
String token = JwtTokenUtils.createToken(username, "", true);
Map<String, String> tokenMap = new HashMap<>();
tokenMap.put("token", "Bearer" + token);
return ResponseHandle.SUCCESS(tokenMap);
}
return ResponseHandle.FAIL(HttpCode.USER_DISABLE);
}
}
3、根据用户名查询用户
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
/**
*
* @param s
* @return 实现loadUserByUsername方法,根据用户名查找用户信息
* @throws UsernameNotFoundException
*/
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String s) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
User user = userRepository.findByUsername(s);
return new JwtUser(user);
}
}
4、JPA实现数据库查询用户
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Integer> {
/**
* 根据用户名查询用户
* @param username
* @return
*/
User findByUsername(String username);
}
5、User实体
@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_user")
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id")
private Integer id;
@Column(name = "username")
private String username;
@Column(name = "password")
private String password;
@Column(name = "code")
private String code;
@Column(name = "role")
private String role;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", role='" + role + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
3、security配置
配置security用户来源、认证模式、过滤器等,这里我们使用了自己的登录接口,所以需要放行,并且不使用表单提交模式
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private UserServiceImpl userService;
@Resource
private RestAuthorizationEntryPoint restAuthorizationEntryPoint;
@Resource
private RestfulAccessDeniedHandler restfulAccessDeniedHandler;
/**
* 常用的三种存储方式,项目找那个用的最多的为,自定义用户存储
*
* @param auth
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
//1、内存用户配置
// auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(bCryptPasswordEncoder())
// .withUser("admin").password(bCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).authorities("ADMIN")
// .and()
// .withUser("test").password(bCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).authorities("TEST");
//2、数据库用户配置
// auth.jdbcAuthentication().dataSource(dataSource).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder())
// .usersByUsernameQuery(
// "select username, password, status from Users where username = ?")
// .authoritiesByUsernameQuery(
// "select username, authority from Authority where username = ?");
//3、自定义用户存储
auth.userDetailsService(userService)
.passwordEncoder(bCryptPasswordEncoder());
}
/**
* configure(WebSecurity)用于影响全局安全性(配置资源,设置调试模式,通过实现自定义防火墙定义拒绝请求)的配置设置。
* 一般用于配置全局的某些通用事物,例如静态资源等
*
* @param web
*/
@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) {
web.ignoring()
.antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**") ///跨域请求预处理
.antMatchers("/favicon.ico")
.antMatchers("/swagger**") // 以下swagger静态资源、接口不拦截
.antMatchers("/doc.html")
.antMatchers("/swagger-resources/**")
.antMatchers("/v2/api-docs")
.antMatchers("/webjars/**")
// .antMatchers("/logout")
.antMatchers("/js/**", "/css/**", "/images/**"); // 排除html静态资源
}
/**
* 配置接口拦截
* configure(HttpSecurity)允许基于选择匹配在资源级配置基于网络的安全性,
* 也就是对角色所能访问的接口做出限制
*
* @param httpSecurity 请求属性
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
httpSecurity
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers(HttpMethod.GET, "/demo/get").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/oak/login", "/oak/logout").permitAll()
//指定权限为ROLE_ADMIN才能访问,这里和方法注解配置效果一样,但是会覆盖注解
.antMatchers("/demo/delete").hasRole("ADMIN")
// 所有请求都需要验证
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
.exceptionHandling()
.accessDeniedHandler(restfulAccessDeniedHandler)
.authenticationEntryPoint(restAuthorizationEntryPoint)
.and()
.csrf().disable()
.sessionManagement()//禁用session
.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
.and()
.logout().logoutUrl("/logout")
.and()
// 禁用缓存
.headers()
.cacheControl();
}
/**
* 配置用户认证方式
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
@Bean
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
/**
* 自定义过滤器,用来替换security的默认过滤器(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter),
* 实现自定义的login接口,接口路径为了区别默认的/login我们定义为/mylogin
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
/**
* 使用security 提供的加密规则(还有其他加密方式)
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
/**
* JWT token过滤器
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Bean
public JwtAuthencationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter() throws Exception {
JwtAuthencationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter = new JwtAuthencationTokenFilter(authenticationManager());
return jwtAuthenticationFilter;
}
}
4、自定义JwtAuthencationTokenFilter实现
配置security用户来源、认证模式、过滤器等,这里我们定义了自己的/mylogin登录接口
public class JwtAuthencationTokenFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
private String tokenHeader = "Authorization";
private String tokenHead = "Bearer";
@Autowired
private UserServiceImpl userService;
public JwtAuthencationTokenFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
super(authenticationManager);
}
/**
* 自定义过滤器,用来校验token是否存在,token是否失效
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @param filterChain
* @throws ServletException
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 请求头中获取token信息
String authheader = request.getHeader(tokenHeader);
// 存在token
if (null != authheader && authheader.startsWith(tokenHead)) {
// 去除字段名称, 获取真正token
String authToken = authheader.substring(tokenHead.length());
// 利用token获取用户名
String username = JwtTokenUtils.getUsername(authToken);
System.out.println("自定义JWT过滤器获得用户名为" + username);
Authentication a = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
// token存在用户未登陆
// SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() 获取上下文对象中认证信息
if (null != username && null == SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication()) {
// 自定义数据源获取用户信息
UserDetails userDetails = userService.loadUserByUsername(username);
// 验证token是否有效 验证token用户名和存储的用户名是否一致以及是否在有效期内, 重新设置用户对象
// if (JwtTokenUtils.isExpiration(authToken)) {
// 重新将用户信息封装到UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
if (JwtTokenUtils.checkToken(authToken)) {
System.out.println("token有效");
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
authenticationToken.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authenticationToken);
}
}
}
//继续下一个拦截器
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
4、JwtTokenUtils工具类
主要用于配置生成token,验证token等相关方法
public class JwtTokenUtils {
private static final String SECRET = "oak-secret";
private static final String ISS = "oak";
/**
* 角色的key
*/
private static final String ROLE_CLAIMS = "rol";
/**
* 过期时间是3600秒,既是1个小时
*/
private static final long EXPIRATION = 3600L;
/**
* 选择了记住我之后的过期时间为7天
*/
private static final long EXPIRATION_REMEMBER = 604800L;
/**
* 创建token
*
* @param username
* @param role
* @param isRememberMe
* @return
*/
public static String createToken(String username, String role, boolean isRememberMe) {
long expiration = isRememberMe ? EXPIRATION_REMEMBER : EXPIRATION;
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put(ROLE_CLAIMS, role);
return Jwts.builder()
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET)
.setClaims(map) //存放自定义信息,也可不放
.setIssuer(ISS) //发行人
.setSubject(username) //jwt主题
.setIssuedAt(new Date()) //当前时间
.setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000)) // 过期时间
.compact();
}
/**
* 从token中获取用户名
*
* @param token
* @return
*/
public static String getUsername(String token) {
return getTokenBody(token).getSubject();
}
/**
* 获取用户角色
*
* @param token
* @return
*/
public static String getUserRole(String token) {
return (String) getTokenBody(token).get(ROLE_CLAIMS);
}
/**
* 是否已过期
*
* @param token
* @return
*/
public static boolean isExpiration(String token) {
try {
return getTokenBody(token).getExpiration().before(new Date());
} catch (ExpiredJwtException e) {
return true;
}
}
/**
* 根据token,判断token是否存在与有效
*
* @param jwtToken
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkToken(String jwtToken) {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(jwtToken)) return false;
try {
Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(SECRET).parseClaimsJws(jwtToken);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
return true;
}
private static Claims getTokenBody(String token) {
return Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(SECRET)
.parseClaimsJws(token)
.getBody();
}
}
四、验证登录情况
1、编写测试接口
@Api(tags = {"演示相关接口"})
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class DemoCtrl {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
private BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder;
@ApiOperation(value = "获取接口", notes = "获取接口")
@GetMapping(value = "/get")
public ResponseHandle get() {
return ResponseHandle.SUCCESS("获取数据成功");
}
@ApiOperation(value = "更新接口(ADMIN可访问)", notes = "更新接口")
@GetMapping(value = "/update1")
@PreAuthorize("hasAnyRole('ROLE_ADMIN')")
public ResponseHandle update1() {
return ResponseHandle.SUCCESS("更新数据成功");
}
@ApiOperation(value = "查询接口(USER可访问)", notes = "查询接口")
@GetMapping(value = "/find")
@PreAuthorize("hasAnyRole('ROLE_USER')")
public ResponseHandle find() {
return ResponseHandle.SUCCESS("查询数据成功");
}
@ApiOperation(value = "删除用户(ADMIN配置可用)", notes = "修改")
@GetMapping("/delete")
public ResponseHandle delete() {
return ResponseHandle.SUCCESS("删除成功");
}
@ApiOperation(value = "注册用户", notes = "注册")
@PostMapping("/register")
public String registerUser(@RequestBody Map<String, String> registerUser) {
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(registerUser.get("username"));
user.setPassword(bCryptPasswordEncoder.encode(registerUser.get("password")));
user.setRole("ROLE_USER");
User save = userRepository.save(user);
return save.toString();
}
}
2、调用接口提示
1、调用登录调用接口
可以看到接口返回了一个长串的token,下次我们访问服务资源只要带上改token就可以了
2、调用删除接口
>3、换一个角色为USER的用户在调删除接口
总结
到此springboot集成了security完成了用户的数据库配置以及自定义登录,并且完善了登录相关的响应,这样方便前后端统一处理。这样的登录可以实现单一项目的需求,但是考虑到多项目间的登录认证,该方案还是有很多问题,接下来我们将继续完成基于OAuth2 token的认证方式
第一章链接: SpringBoot集成security(1)|(security入门)
第二章链接: SpringBoot集成security(2)|(security自定义配置)
第三章链接: SpringBoot集成security(3)|(security的前后端分离登录以及响应处理)
第四章链接: SpringBoot集成security(4)|(security基于JWT实现前后端分离自定义登录)