驱动分析（1） -- 串口驱动的分析

1.uart_driver包含了串口设备名、串口驱动名、主次设备号、串口控制台(可选)等信息，还封装了tty_driver(底层串口驱动无需关心)

struct uart_driver {
struct module owner; / 拥有该uart_driver的模块,一般为THIS_MODULE /
const char driver_name; /串口驱动名，串口设备文件名以驱动名为基础 /
const char dev_name; / 串口设备名 /
int major; /* 主设备号 */
int minor; /* 次设备号 */
int nr; /* 该uart_driver支持的串口个数(最大) */
struct console cons; /其对应的console.若该uart_driver支持serial console,否则为NULL /
struct uart_state *state;
struct tty_driver *tty_driver;
};

2.uart_port用于描述串口端口的I/O端口或I/O内存地址、FIFO大小、端口类型、串口时钟等信息。实际上，一个uart_port实例对应一个串口设备。

struct uart_port {
spinlock_t lock; /* 串口端口锁 */
unsigned int iobase; /* IO端口基地址 */
unsigned char __iomem membase; / IO内存基地址,经映射(如ioremap)后的IO内存虚拟基地址 */
unsigned int irq; /* 中断号 */
unsigned int uartclk; /* 串口时钟 */
unsigned int fifosize; /* 串口FIFO缓冲大小 */
unsigned char x_char; /* xon/xoff字符 */
unsigned char regshift; /* 寄存器位移 */
unsigned char iotype; /* IO访问方式 */
unsigned char unused1;
unsigned int read_status_mask; /* 关心的Rx error status */
unsigned int ignore_status_mask;/* 忽略的Rx error status */
struct uart_info info; / pointer to parent info */
struct uart_icount icount; /* 计数器 */
struct console cons; / console结构体 */
……
upf_t flags;
……
unsigned int mctrl; /* current modem ctrl settings */
unsigned int timeout; /* character-based timeout */
unsigned int type; /* port type */
const struct uart_ops *ops;
unsigned int custom_divisor;
unsigned int line; /* port index */
resource_size_t mapbase; /* for ioremap */
struct device dev; / parent device */
unsigned char hub6; /* this should be in the 8250 driver */
unsigned char suspended;
unsigned char irq_wake;
unsigned char unused[2];
void *private_data; // generic platform data pointer
};