Android Studio 3.0.1 JNI手动生成

创建一个模块(JNITest01)

略

MainActivity使用native方法

MainActivity.java：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    static {
        System.loadLibrary("jni_test01"); // 启动加载的库
    }

public native String GetString(); // 声明native方法

@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
}

具体步骤

加载自定义jni库

static {
    System.loadLibrary("jni_test01");
}

声明native方法

public native String GetString();

打开Android studio的Terminal控制面板(IDE左下方)

进入java代码目录

cd JNITest01\src\main\java

使用javah命令把MainActivity类转为.h

javah -jni com.example.jnitest01.MainActivity

执行完该命令后将生成com_example_jnitest01_MainActivity.h

注:

如果没设置jdk环境变量会提示javah不是内部命令错误

出现该错误需要设置一下环境变量,Android studio一般会把java安装在C:\ProgramFiles\Android\Android Studio\jre

在path中增加:C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\jre\bin

新建一个cpp文件夹

右键cpp->New->C/C++Source File

假设新建文件名为:jni_test01.cpp

把com_example_jnitest01_MainActivity.h中部分内容复制到jni_test01.cpp中

#include <jni.h>
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_com_example_jnitest01_MainActivity_GetString(JNIEnv *env, jobject jobj) {
    return env->NewStringUTF("string from C++");
}

从其他工程中复制一份CMakeLists.txt到当前模块下

修改CMakeLists.txt

add_library(
    jni_test01 ---------------> 改名为自己想要的
    src/main/cpp/jni_test01.cpp ---------------> 改名为自己想要的
)
...
target_link_libraries(
    jni_test01
    ...
)

修改当前模块中的build.gradle

defaultConfig {
...
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
-----------> 默认的到这里，以下手动添加
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
cppFlags ""
}
}
ndk {
abiFilters 'x86', 'x86_64', 'armeabi-v7a', 'arm64-v8a'
}
}
buildTypes {
...
}

externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
path "CMakeLists.txt"
}
}

Android studio应该会提示你同步工程

同步没出错就可以编译了

编译JNITest01模块编译生成的.so

文件所在路径为:build->intermediates->cmake->debug/release/arm64-v7a/8a/x86/x86_64

增加JNI接口

只要编译通过了，后续增加接口只要在.java中声明，然后选中方法名或双击方法名，按ALT + ENTER键即可在.cpp张自动生成相应的方法

查看JAVA对应JNI类型

使用javap命令查看在.java中声明的参数在JNI(C/C++)下对应的参数

javap操作的对象是.class，因此需要进入到.java被编译后的路径，然后执行javap命令

在Androidstudio终端中执行：

cd build\intermediates\classes\debug\com\example\jnitest01

javap -s MainActivity

注：本例是使用MainActivity对native接口声明的，因此使用的是MainActivity
javap执行结果:

CMakefileLists.txt

# For more information about using CMake with Android Studio, read the
# documentation: https://d.android.com/studio/projects/add-native-code.html

# Sets the minimum version of CMake required to build the native library.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

# Creates and names a library, sets it as either STATIC
# or SHARED, and provides the relative paths to its source code.
# You can define multiple libraries, and CMake builds them for you.
# Gradle automatically packages shared libraries with your APK.

add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
             jni_test01

             # Sets the library as a shared library.
             SHARED

             # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
             src/main/cpp/jni_test01.cpp )

# Searches for a specified prebuilt library and stores the path as a
# variable. Because CMake includes system libraries in the search path by
# default, you only need to specify the name of the public NDK library
# you want to add. CMake verifies that the library exists before
# completing its build.

find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
              log-lib

              # Specifies the name of the NDK library that
              # you want CMake to locate.
              log )

# Specifies libraries CMake should link to your target library. You
# can link multiple libraries, such as libraries you define in this
# build script, prebuilt third-party libraries, or system libraries.

target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
                       jni_test01

                       # Links the target library to the log library
                       # included in the NDK.
                       ${log-lib} )

build.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 26
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.jnitest01"
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 26
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        externalNativeBuild {
            cmake {
                cppFlags ""
            }
        }
        ndk {
            abiFilters 'x86', 'x86_64', 'armeabi-v7a', 'arm64-v8a'
        }
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    externalNativeBuild {
        cmake {
            path "CMakeLists.txt"
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])

    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'
}

jni_test01.cpp

#include <jni.h>

extern "C"
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_com_example_jnitest01_MainActivity_GetString(JNIEnv *env, jobject jobj)
{
    return env->NewStringUTF("Native");
}