数独是以前经常玩的游戏,很锻炼逻辑能力,今天写了一个数独解题器,基本可以在一分钟内解决问题,很方便。
以下是代码:
MainWindow.xaml
<Window x:Class="SudokuSolver.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:SudokuSolver"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="SudokuSolver" Height="450" Width="600">
<Grid>
<UniformGrid Name="InputGrid" Height="360" Rows="9" Columns="9" Margin="40,30,185,20"/>
<UniformGrid Name="BorderPanel" Height="360" Rows="3" Columns="3" Margin="40,30,185,20"/>
<Button Name="SolveBtn" Height="50" Width="100" Margin="430,84,40,275" Content="OneStep"/>
<Button Name="RestartBtn" Height="50" Width="100" Margin="430,210,40,145" Content="Restart"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
MainWindow.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
namespace SudokuSolver
{
/// <summary>
/// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
private int[,] numArr = new int[9, 9];
private List<TextBox> textBoxList = new List<TextBox>();
private struct FillNum {
public int row;
public int col;
public List<int> possibleNums;
}
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
Create81Grids();
DrawBorders();
InitSudokuArr();
SolveBtn.Click += SolveBtn_Click;
RestartBtn.Click += RestartBtn_Click;
}
private void Create81Grids() {//创建格子
for (int i = 0; i < 81; i++)
{
TextBox textBox = new TextBox();
textBox.Height = 30;
textBox.Width = 30;
textBox.FontSize = 25;
textBox.TextAlignment = TextAlignment.Center;
textBox.Name = "box_"+i.ToString();
textBox.KeyDown += TextBox_KeyDown;
textBoxList.Add(textBox);
InputGrid.Children.Add(textBox);
}
}
private void TextBox_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
TextBox textBox = sender as TextBox;
textBox.Foreground = Brushes.Blue;
int index = int.Parse(textBox.Name.Split('_')[1]);
numArr[index / 9, index % 9] = int.Parse(textBox.Text);
}
private void DrawBorders() {//绘制边框
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
{
Border border = new Border();
border.Height = 120;
border.Width = 120;
border.BorderThickness = new Thickness(3, 3, 3, 3);
border.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
BorderPanel.Children.Add(border);
}
}
private void InitSudokuArr() {//数独数据初始化
numArr = new int[9,9] {
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 6, 0, 9, 0 },
{ 0, 3, 0, 2, 5, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
{ 0, 0, 8, 1, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 5, 0, 7, 0, 3, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 2, 9, 0, 0 },
{ 2, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 7, 0 },
{ 0, 7, 0, 9, 0, 0, 6, 5, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
};
for (int i = 0; i < textBoxList.Count; i++)
if (numArr[i / 9, i % 9] != 0)
textBoxList[i].Text = numArr[i / 9, i % 9].ToString();
else
textBoxList[i].Text = "";
}
private void RestartBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)//游戏还原
{
for (int i = 0; i < textBoxList.Count; i++)
{
textBoxList[i].Foreground = Brushes.Black;
}
InitSudokuArr();
}
private void SolveBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)//点击解决按钮
{
CheckWrong();
//找出可填数据
List<FillNum> possibleNumsList = new List<FillNum>();
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++)
{
int num = numArr[i, j];
if (num == 0) {
FillNum fillNum = new FillNum();
fillNum.row = i;
fillNum.col = j;
fillNum.possibleNums = FindPossibleNums(i, j);
possibleNumsList.Add(fillNum);
}
}
}
List<List<FillNum>> Grid9List = Splict9GridList(possibleNumsList);
for (int i = 0; i < Grid9List.Count; i++)
{
List<FillNum> gridList = Grid9List[i];//代表某个九宫格的可填数据
int guessNum = 1;
while (guessNum < 10) {
int activeCount = 0;
FillNum fillFlag = new FillNum();
for (int j = 0; j < gridList.Count; j++)
{
List<int> possibleNums = gridList[j].possibleNums;
if (possibleNums.Contains(guessNum))
{
fillFlag = gridList[j];
activeCount++;
}
}
if (activeCount == 1)
FillNumber(fillFlag.row, fillFlag.col, guessNum);
guessNum++;
}
}
}
private List<int> FindPossibleNums(int row, int col) {//找出格子可填数字
List<int> optionNums = new List<int>{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
CheckOneRow(row, ref optionNums);
CheckOneCol(col, ref optionNums);
CheckOneGrid(row, col, ref optionNums);
if (optionNums.Count == 1)
FillNumber(row, col, optionNums[0]);
return optionNums;
}
private void CheckOneRow(int row, ref List<int> nums) {//检查一行
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
{
int num = numArr[row, i];
if (nums.Contains(num))
nums.Remove(num);
}
}
private void CheckOneCol(int col, ref List<int> nums) {//检查一列
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
{
int num = numArr[i, col];
if (nums.Contains(num))
nums.Remove(num);
}
}
private void CheckOneGrid(int row, int col, ref List<int> nums) {//检查九宫格
int startI = row / 3 * 3;
int startJ = col / 3 * 3;
for (int i = startI; i < startI+3; i++)
{
for (int j = startJ; j < startJ+3; j++)
{
int num = numArr[i, j];
if (nums.Contains(num))
nums.Remove(num);
}
}
}
private void CheckWrong() {//检查异常
//检查行列
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
{
List<int> allNumsRow = new List<int>();
List<int> allNumsCol = new List<int>();
bool isRowSame = false;
bool isColSame = false;
int sameRowIndex = -1;
int sameColIndex = -1;
for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++)
{
int numR = numArr[i, j];
if (!allNumsRow.Contains(numR))
allNumsRow.Add(numR);
else if(numR != 0) {
isRowSame = true;
sameRowIndex = i+1;
}
int numC = numArr[j, i];
if (!allNumsCol.Contains(numC))
allNumsCol.Add(numC);
else if (numC != 0)
{
isColSame = true;
sameColIndex = i+1;
}
}
if (isRowSame)
MessageBox.Show("Wrong: Row" + sameRowIndex);
if (isColSame)
MessageBox.Show("Wrong: Col" + sameColIndex);
}
//检查九宫格
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i+=3)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 9; j+=3)
{
List<int> allNumsGrid = new List<int>();
bool isGridSame = false;
for (int x = i; x < i+3; x++)
{
for (int y = j; y < j+3; y++)
{
int num = numArr[x, y];
if (!allNumsGrid.Contains(num))
allNumsGrid.Add(num);
else if(num != 0)
isGridSame = true;
}
}
if (isGridSame)
MessageBox.Show("Wrong: Grid" + GetGridIndex(i,j));
}
}
}
private List<List<FillNum>> Splict9GridList(List<FillNum> orginalList) {//可能填的数字按九宫格划分
List<List<FillNum>> resList = new List<List<FillNum>>();
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
{
resList.Add(new List<FillNum>());
}
for (int i = 0; i < orginalList.Count; i++)
{
FillNum fillNum = orginalList[i];
int gridIndex = GetGridIndex(fillNum.row, fillNum.col);
resList[gridIndex].Add(fillNum);
}
return resList;
}
private int GetGridIndex(int i, int j) {//获取所在九宫格索引
if (i < 3 && j < 3) return 0;
else if (i < 3 && j < 6) return 1;
else if (i < 3) return 2;
else if (i < 6 && j < 3) return 3;
else if (i < 6 && j < 6) return 4;
else if (i < 6) return 5;
else if (j < 3) return 6;
else if (j < 6) return 7;
else return 8;
}
private void FillNumber(int i, int j, int num) {//填充数据
numArr[i,j] = num;
textBoxList[i * 9 + j].Foreground = Brushes.Green;
textBoxList[i * 9 + j].Text = num.ToString();
//MessageBox.Show((i + 1) + "行" + (j + 1) + "列解决:" + num);
}
}
}
以下是通过解题器解出的数独:
黑色为初始题目数据,绿色为解题器计算数据,蓝色为玩家输入的猜测数据。
需要注意的是,输入数字之后,需要按Enter键确认。