Linux 驱动开发 十二：以nxp提供源码分析设备树

以 imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts 源码进行分析，imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts 包含 imx6ull.dtsi 文件，imx6ull.dtsi 包含 skeleton.dtsi 文件。

一、源码分析

1、skeleton.dtsi

skeleton.dtsi 只包含设备树最基本节点，节点中没有任何数据。skeleton.dtsi 只为满足设备树基本要求。

/ {
	#address-cells = <1>;
	#size-cells = <1>;
	chosen { };
	aliases { };
	memory { device_type = "memory"; reg = <0 0>; };
};

2、imx6ull.dtsi

imx6ull.dtsi 中包含 imx6ull 芯片相关的外设描述，可以用在不同的开发板上。imx6ull.dtsi 属于芯片级外设描述。

/ {
	aliases {
		can0 = &flexcan1;
		can1 = &flexcan2;
		ethernet0 = &fec1;
		ethernet1 = &fec2;
		gpio0 = &gpio1;
		gpio1 = &gpio2;
		gpio2 = &gpio3;
		gpio3 = &gpio4;
		gpio4 = &gpio5;
		i2c0 = &i2c1;
		i2c1 = &i2c2;
		i2c2 = &i2c3;
		i2c3 = &i2c4;
		mmc0 = &usdhc1;
		mmc1 = &usdhc2;
		serial0 = &uart1;
		serial1 = &uart2;
		serial2 = &uart3;
		serial3 = &uart4;
		serial4 = &uart5;
		serial5 = &uart6;
		serial6 = &uart7;
		serial7 = &uart8;
		spi0 = &ecspi1;
		spi1 = &ecspi2;
		spi2 = &ecspi3;
		spi3 = &ecspi4;
		usbphy0 = &usbphy1;
		usbphy1 = &usbphy2;
	};

	cpus {

		cpu0: cpu@0 {
		};
	};

	intc: interrupt-controller@00a01000 {
	};

	clocks {

		ckil: clock@0 {
		};

		osc: clock@1 {
		};

		ipp_di0: clock@2 {
		};

		ipp_di1: clock@3 {
		};
	};

	soc {

		busfreq {
		};

		pmu {	
		};

		caam_sm: caam-sm@00100000 {
		};

		irq_sec_vio: caam_secvio {
		};

		ocrams: sram@00900000 {
		};

		ocrams_ddr: sram@00904000 {
		};

		ocram: sram@00905000 {
		};

		dma_apbh: dma-apbh@01804000 {
		};

		gpmi: gpmi-nand@01806000{
		};

		aips1: aips-bus@02000000 {
			spba-bus@02000000 {
				spdif: spdif@02004000 {
				};

				ecspi1: ecspi@02008000 {
				};

				ecspi2: ecspi@0200c000 {
				};

				ecspi3: ecspi@02010000 {
				};

				ecspi4: ecspi@02014000 {
				};

				uart7: serial@02018000 {
				};

				uart1: serial@02020000 {
				};

				uart8: serial@02024000 {
				};

				sai1: sai@02028000 {
				};

				sai2: sai@0202c000 {
				};

				sai3: sai@02030000 {
				};

				asrc: asrc@02034000 {
				};
			};

			tsc: tsc@02040000 {
			};

			bee: bee@02044000 {
			};

			pwm1: pwm@02080000 {
			};

			pwm2: pwm@02084000 {
			};

			pwm3: pwm@02088000 {
			};

			pwm4: pwm@0208c000 {
			};

			flexcan1: can@02090000 {
			};

			flexcan2: can@02094000 {
			};

			gpt1: gpt@02098000 {
			};

			gpio1: gpio@0209c000 {
			};

			gpio2: gpio@020a0000 {
			};

			gpio3: gpio@020a4000 {
			};

			gpio4: gpio@020a8000 {
			};

			gpio5: gpio@020ac000 {
			};

			snvslp: snvs@020b0000 {
			};

			fec2: ethernet@020b4000 {
			};

			kpp: kpp@020b8000 {
			};

			wdog1: wdog@020bc000 {
			};

			wdog2: wdog@020c0000 {
			};

			clks: ccm@020c4000 {
			};

			anatop: anatop@020c8000 {

				reg_3p0: regulator-3p0@120 {
				};

				reg_arm: regulator-vddcore@140 {
				};

				reg_soc: regulator-vddsoc@140 {
				};
			};

			usbphy1: usbphy@020c9000 {
			};

			usbphy2: usbphy@020ca000 {
			};

			tempmon: tempmon {
			};

			caam_snvs: caam-snvs@020cc000 {
			};

			snvs: snvs@020cc000 {

				snvs_rtc: snvs-rtc-lp {
				};

				snvs_poweroff: snvs-poweroff {
				};

				snvs_pwrkey: snvs-powerkey {
				};
			};

			epit1: epit@020d0000 {
			};

			epit2: epit@020d4000 {
			};

			src: src@020d8000 {
			};

			gpc: gpc@020dc000 {
			};

			iomuxc: iomuxc@020e0000 {
			};

			gpr: iomuxc-gpr@020e4000 {
			};

			mqs: mqs {
			};

			gpt2: gpt@020e8000 {
			};

			sdma: sdma@020ec000 {
			};

			pwm5: pwm@020f0000 {
			};

			pwm6: pwm@020f4000 {
			};

			pwm7: pwm@020f8000 {
			};

			pwm8: pwm@020fc000 {
			};
		};

		aips2: aips-bus@02100000 {

			crypto: caam@2140000 {

				sec_jr0: jr0@1000 {
				};

				sec_jr1: jr1@2000 {
				};
				sec_jr2: jr2@3000 {
				};
			};

			usbotg1: usb@02184000 {
			};

			usbotg2: usb@02184200 {
			};

			usbmisc: usbmisc@02184800 {
			};

			fec1: ethernet@02188000 {
            };

			sim1: sim@0218c000 {
			};

			usdhc1: usdhc@02190000 {
			};

			usdhc2: usdhc@02194000 {
			};

			adc1: adc@02198000 {
            };

			i2c1: i2c@021a0000 {
			};

			i2c2: i2c@021a4000 {
			};

			i2c3: i2c@021a8000 {
			};

			romcp@021ac000 {
			};

			mmdc: mmdc@021b0000 {
			};

			sim2: sim@021b4000 {
			};

			weim: weim@021b8000 {
			};

			ocotp: ocotp-ctrl@021bc000 {
			};

			csu: csu@021c0000 {
			};

			csi: csi@021c4000 {
			};

			lcdif: lcdif@021c8000 {
			};

			pxp: pxp@021cc000 {
			};

			qspi: qspi@021e0000 {
			};

			uart2: serial@021e8000 {
			};

			uart3: serial@021ec000 {
			};

			uart4: serial@021f0000 {
			};

			uart5: serial@021f4000 {
			};

			i2c4: i2c@021f8000 {
			};

			uart6: serial@021fc000 {
			};
		};
	};
};

3、imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts

imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts 包含一些开发板上其他芯片设备的描述。imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts 是针对于板级外设描述。imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts 会根据需求对 imx6ull.dtsi 中一些节点进行覆盖会修改。

/dts-v1/;

/ {
	chosen {
	};

	memory {
	};

	reserved-memory {

		linux,cma {
		};
	};

	backlight {
	};

	pxp_v4l2 {
	};

	regulators {

		reg_can_3v3: regulator@0 {
		};

		reg_sd1_vmmc: regulator@1 {
		};

		reg_gpio_dvfs: regulator-gpio {
		};
	};

	sound {
	};

	spi4 {
		gpio_spi: gpio_spi@0 {
		};
	};
};

&cpu0 {
};

&clks {
};

&csi {
	port {
		csi1_ep: endpoint {
		};
	};
};

&fec1 {
};

&fec2 {
	mdio {
		ethphy0: ethernet-phy@2 {
		};

		ethphy1: ethernet-phy@1 {
		};
	};
};

&flexcan1 {
};

&flexcan2 {
};

&gpc {
};

&i2c1 {
	mag3110@0e {
	};

	fxls8471@1e {
	};
};

&i2c2 {
	codec: wm8960@1a {
	};

	ov5640: ov5640@3c {
		port {
			};
		};
	};
};

&iomuxc {
	imx6ul-evk {
		pinctrl_hog_1: hoggrp-1 {
		};

		pinctrl_csi1: csi1grp {
		};

		pinctrl_enet1: enet1grp {
		};

		pinctrl_enet2: enet2grp {
		};

		pinctrl_flexcan1: flexcan1grp{
		};

		pinctrl_flexcan2: flexcan2grp{
		};

		pinctrl_i2c1: i2c1grp {
		};

		pinctrl_i2c2: i2c2grp {

		};

		pinctrl_lcdif_dat: lcdifdatgrp {
		};

		pinctrl_lcdif_ctrl: lcdifctrlgrp {
		};

		pinctrl_pwm1: pwm1grp {
		};

		pinctrl_qspi: qspigrp {
		};

		pinctrl_sai2: sai2grp {
		};

		pinctrl_tsc: tscgrp {
		};

		pinctrl_uart1: uart1grp {
		};

		pinctrl_uart2: uart2grp {
		};

		pinctrl_uart2dte: uart2dtegrp {
		};

		pinctrl_usdhc1: usdhc1grp {
		};

		pinctrl_usdhc1_100mhz: usdhc1grp100mhz {
		};

		pinctrl_usdhc1_200mhz: usdhc1grp200mhz {
		};

		pinctrl_usdhc2: usdhc2grp {
		};

		pinctrl_usdhc2_8bit: usdhc2grp_8bit {
		};

		pinctrl_usdhc2_8bit_100mhz: usdhc2grp_8bit_100mhz {
		};

		pinctrl_usdhc2_8bit_200mhz: usdhc2grp_8bit_200mhz {
		};

		pinctrl_wdog: wdoggrp {
		};
	};
};

&iomuxc_snvs {
    imx6ul-evk {
		pinctrl_hog_2: hoggrp-2 {
        };

		pinctrl_dvfs: dvfsgrp {
        };
		
		pinctrl_lcdif_reset: lcdifresetgrp {
        };

		pinctrl_spi4: spi4grp {
        };

        pinctrl_sai2_hp_det_b: sai2_hp_det_grp {
        };
    };
};


&lcdif {
    display0: display {
	};
};

&pwm1 {
};

&pxp {
};

&qspi {
	flash0: n25q256a@0 {
	};
};

&sai2 {
};

&tsc {
};

&uart1 {
};

&uart2 {
};

&usbotg1 {
};

&usbotg2 {
};

&usbphy1 {
};

&usbphy2 {
};

&usdhc1 {
};

&usdhc2 {
};

&wdog1 {
};

二、节点覆盖和追加

1、同一层次节点，后面节点覆盖前面节点

memory@30000000 {
    device_type = "memory";
    reg = <0x30000000 0x20000000>;
};

// 覆盖
memory@30000000 {
    reg = <0x30000000 0x10000000>;
}; 

2、直接引用方式：属性相同，后面覆盖前面；属性不同就增加

xusbxti: oscillator@1 {
    compatible = "fixed-clock";
    reg = <1>;
    clock-frequency = <0>;
    clock-output-names = "xusbxti";
    #clock-cells = <0>;
};

// 覆盖
&xusbxti { 
    clock-frequency = <24000000>; 
};

// 追加
&xusbxti { 
    status = "okay";
};

以上内容只为说明逻辑，不一定符合设备树规范。

三、总结

skeleton.dtsi 描述设备树必须的节点。imx6ull.dtsi 描述 soc 级设备信息。imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts 描述板级设备信息。

imx6ull-14x14-evk.dts 文件对 skeleton.dtsi 和 imx6ull.dtsi 文件内容进行覆盖或追加。