AlwaysOn Availability Groups是SQL Server 2012引入的高可用性和灾难恢复解决方案，替代了数据库镜像。它需要Windows Server Failover Clustering (WSFC)集群支持，每个可用性副本需位于不同节点。WSFC集群通过资源组监控主副本健康状态，并基于所有节点的共识确定 Availability Groups 的仲裁。
参考了这两篇文章：
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff877884.aspx
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa427606-8422-4656-b205-c9e665ddc8c1
什么是AlwaysOn Availability Groups, 下面这句话说的很明了：
The AlwaysOn Availability Groups feature is a high-availability and disaster-recovery solution that provides an enterprise-level alternative to database mirroring. Introduced in SQL Server 2012.
Availability Groups的结构
首先Deploying AlwaysOn Availability Groups requires a Windows Server Failover Clustering (WSFC) cluster. Each availability replica of a given availability group must reside on a different node of the same WSFC cluster.
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