Kubernetes Yaml文件

概述

k8s支持使用YAML和JSON格式的文件来创建资源对象，相比较而言：

1. json格式的文件用于接口之间消息的传递，更适合二次开发
2. yaml格式的文件只是一种简洁的非标记性语言，更适合运维

YAML的文件格式和注意事项

1. 不支持制表符tab键缩进，需要使用空格缩进，使用缩进表示层级关系
2. 通常开头缩进2个空格，缩进的空格数不重要，只要相同层级的元素左对齐即可
3. 字符后缩进一个空格，如冒号、逗号、横杆
4. 用#号注释
5. 如果包含特殊字符用单引号引起来
6. 布尔值必须用引号括起来
7. —表示yaml文件格式的分割

来吧！展示！！

查看 资源版本标签

[root@localhost ~]# kubectl api-versions
admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apps/v1
apps/v1beta1
apps/v1beta2
authentication.k8s.io/v1
authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
authorization.k8s.io/v1
authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
autoscaling/v1
autoscaling/v2beta1
autoscaling/v2beta2
batch/v1
batch/v1beta1
certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1
coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1
events.k8s.io/v1beta1
extensions/v1beta1
networking.k8s.io/v1
policy/v1beta1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1
storage.k8s.io/v1
storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
v1

敲！

创建目录，编辑测试文件

我在别的地方找到一个写格式详解的，阔以康一康，点击这里！！

[root@localhost bate1]# vim http-zero.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: http-deployment
  labels:
    app: http
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: http
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: http
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: http
        image: httpd
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

创建资源

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl create -f http-zero.yaml 
deployment.apps/http-deployment created
……等一会
[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl get pods
NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
http-deployment-766c5bfc5c-9x4c4   1/1     Running   0          3m6s
http-deployment-766c5bfc5c-ctmnk   1/1     Running   0          3m6s
http-deployment-766c5bfc5c-dkjgk   1/1     Running   0          3m6s

创建service服务提供访问

[root@localhost bate1]# vim http-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: http-service
  labels:
    app: http
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: http

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl create -f http-service.yaml 
service/http-service created

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl get svc
NAME           TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
http-service   NodePort    10.0.0.138   <none>        80:42018/TCP   17s
kubernetes     ClusterIP   10.0.0.1     <none>        443/TCP        12d

自动生成yaml或者json文件

测试创建资源对象的命令正确性，并不真正执行创建

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl run nginx-beta1 --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-run
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/nginx-beta1 created (dry run)

自动生成，但不保存

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl run nginx-beta1 --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-run -o yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  labels:
    run: nginx-beta1
  name: nginx-beta1
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      run: nginx-beta1
  strategy: {}
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        run: nginx-beta1
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx
        name: nginx-beta1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        resources: {}
status: {}

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl run nginx-beta1 --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-run -o json
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
{
    "kind": "Deployment",
    "apiVersion": "apps/v1beta1",
    "metadata": {
        "name": "nginx-beta1",
        "creationTimestamp": null,
        "labels": {
            "run": "nginx-beta1"
        }
    },
    "spec": {
        "replicas": 2,
        "selector": {
            "matchLabels": {
                "run": "nginx-beta1"
            }
        },
        "template": {
            "metadata": {
                "creationTimestamp": null,
                "labels": {
                    "run": "nginx-beta1"
                }
            },
            "spec": {
                "containers": [
                    {
                        "name": "nginx-beta1",
                        "image": "nginx",
                        "ports": [
                            {
                                "containerPort": 80
                            }
                        ],
                        "resources": {}
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        "strategy": {}
    },
    "status": {}
}

自动生成并保存

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl run nginx-beta1 --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-run -o yaml > nginx-beta1.yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
[root@localhost bate1]# ls
http-service.yaml  http-zero.yaml  nginx-beta1.yaml
[root@localhost bate1]# cat nginx-beta1.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  labels:
    run: nginx-beta1
  name: nginx-beta1
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      run: nginx-beta1
  strategy: {}
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        run: nginx-beta1
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx
        name: nginx-beta1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        resources: {}
status: {}

将现有的资源生成模板并导出

[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl get pods
NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
http-deployment-766c5bfc5c-9x4c4   1/1     Running   0          16m
http-deployment-766c5bfc5c-ctmnk   1/1     Running   0          16m
http-deployment-766c5bfc5c-dkjgk   1/1     Running   0          16m
[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl get deployment
NAME              DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
http-deployment   3         3         3            3           18m
[root@localhost bate1]# kubectl get deployment/http-deployment --export -o yaml > http01.yaml
[root@localhost bate1]# ls
http01.yaml  http-service.yaml  http-zero.yaml  nginx-beta1.yaml


[root@localhost bate1]# cat http01.yaml 
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  annotations:
    deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "1"
  creationTimestamp: null
  generation: 1
  labels:
    app: http
  name: http-deployment
  selfLink: /apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/default/deployments/http-deployment
spec:
  progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
  replicas: 3
  revisionHistoryLimit: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: http
  strategy:
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 25%
      maxUnavailable: 25%
    type: RollingUpdate
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        app: http
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: httpd
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        name: http
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
        resources: {}
        terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
        terminationMessagePolicy: File
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
      restartPolicy: Always
      schedulerName: default-scheduler
      securityContext: {}
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
status: {}