js高级创建对象的四种方法

1. 直接创建对象方法
2. 工厂模式创建对象
3. 构造函数创建对象
4. 原型创建对象

1、直接创建对象方法

 <script>

    //创建学生对象，包含姓名，年龄，身高

    //直接创建对象方法

    var student = {

      name: "张三",

      age: "18",

      height: "185",

      showInfo: function () {

        console.log(this)

      }

    }

    student.showInfo()

    var student1 = {

      name: "李四",

      age: "18",

      height: "185"

    }

    var student = {

      name: "王五",

      age: "18",

      height: "185"

    }

  </script>

优点：简单

缺点：不实用，太过于繁琐，无法大量生产

2、工厂模式创建对象

 <script>

    function createStudent(name, age, height) {

      var obj = {}

      obj.name = name

      obj.age = age

      obj.height = height

      obj.showinfo = function () {

        console.log(this.name)

      }

      return obj

    }

    var s1 = createStudent("张三", 18, 185)

    var s2 = createStudent("李四", 18, 187)

    function createTeach(name, age, height) {

      var obj = {}

      obj.name = name

      obj.age = age

      obj.height = height

      obj.showinfo = function () {

        console.log(this.name)

      }

      return obj

    }

    var t1 = createTeach("王五", 56, 167)

    console.log(t1)

    // var q = t1 instanceof createTeach//false

    var q = t1 instanceof createStudent

    console.log(q)//false

  </script>

优点：可以快速生产同类型的对象

缺点：无法明确的确认对象属于何种类型

3、构造函数创建对象

<script>

    function Student(name, age, height) {

      this.name = name

      this.age = age

      this.height = height

      this.showinfo = function () {

        console.log(this.name)

      }

    }

    var s1 = new Student("张三", 18, 185)

    var r = s1 instanceof Student

    console.log(r)//true

    function Teach(name, age, height) {

      this.name = name

      this.age = age

      this.height = height

      this.showinfo = function () {

        console.log(this.name)

      }

    }

    var t1 = new Teach("李四", 57, 167)

    console.log(t1)

    var s = t1 instanceof Teach

    console.log(s)//true

    var b = t1 instanceof Student

    console.log(b)//false

  </script>

通过模拟类的方式改变this的指向

优点：可以快速生产要的到的对象且明确知道对象的类型

缺点：占内存

4、原型创建对象

 <script>

    function Student(name, age, height) {

      this.name = name

      this.age = age

      this.height = height

    }

    Student.prototype.showInfo = function () {

      console.log(this.name)

    }

    var s1 = new Student("张三", 14, 181)

    var s2 = new Student("李四", 14, 181)

    s1.showInfo()//张三

    console.log(s1.__proto_ == s2.__proto_)//true

  </script>

优点：可以量产，有明确的类型，节约空间