在上一篇文章的基础上增加了对浮点数的处理。如下图
本代码在code::blocks 17.12中运行正常
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAXSIZE 64
typedef struct rational_number{
char charnum[MAXSIZE];//输入数用char表示
long long integer;//输入数的整数部分
double decimal;//输入数的小数部分(浮点数)
double approximate;//输入的数的近似浮点数
int floatlock;
}Rational;
typedef struct all_kinds_of_code{
char* truecode;//原码
char* reversecode;//反码
char* modecode;//补码
char* parallelcode;//移码
}Allcode;
typedef struct float_number{
char* code;
int bit;//总位数
int j;//阶码位
}Floatn;
char* bin_plus_bin(char* A, char* B);
Allcode* bin_to_codes(int num,int bit);
Floatn* build_float_number(double s,int j,int bit,int jbit);
//有理数扫描
Rational* scan_rational(){
printf("请输入有理数,若需要强制按浮点数形式处理,请在数字前加f:\n");
Rational* num=(Rational*)malloc(sizeof(Rational));
char c;
int flag=0;//触发器,整数部分=0,小数部分=1
int i=0;//全局char指针
int weight=10;//表示小数部分的权重
int negtive=1;//表示正负数
num->floatlock=0;
//初始化
num->integer=0;
num->decimal=0;
num->approximate=0;
while((c=getchar())!='\n'){
if(c=='f'){
num->floatlock=1;
continue;
}
num->charnum[i++]=c;
if(c=='-'){
negtive=-1;
continue;
}
if(c=='.'){
flag=1;
continue;
}
if(flag==0){
num->integer=(num->integer)*10+c-'0';
num->approximate=(num->approximate)*10+c-'0';
}else{
num->decimal+=(float)(c-'0')/weight;
num->approximate+=(float)(c-'0')/weight;
weight*=10;
}
}
num->charnum[i]='\0';
num->integer*=negtive;
num->approximate*=negtive;
num->decimal*=negtive;
return num;
}
//给Allcode格式每个码统一输入某个值
void send_to_Allcode(char c,int digit, Allcode* codes){
codes->truecode[digit]=c;
codes->reversecode[digit]=c;
codes->modecode[digit]=c;
codes->parallelcode[digit]=c;
}
//对Allcode格式输出
void print_Allcode(Allcode* codes){
printf("原码:%s |",codes->truecode);
printf("反码:%s |",codes->reversecode);
printf("补码:%s |",codes->modecode);
printf("移码:%s \n",codes->parallelcode);
}
//对二进制字符串某位置反
void reverse_digit(char* code, int digit){
if(code[digit]=='0'){
code[digit]='1';
}else if(code[digit]=='1'){
code[digit]='0';
}
}
//十进制 (真)小数分别输出其补码、反码 、移码
Allcode* dec_to_codes(double num,int bit){
Allcode* codes=(Allcode*)malloc(sizeof(Allcode));
codes->truecode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));
codes->reversecode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));
codes->modecode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));
codes->parallelcode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));//最后一位:'\0'
//最前面0 1 位及最后一位处理
if(num>=1){
printf("需要真小数\n");
return -1;
}else if(num<0){
send_to_Allcode('1',0,codes);
num*=-1;
}else{
send_to_Allcode('0',0,codes);
}
send_to_Allcode('\0',bit,codes);
//生成原码(也是后面所有码的基础)
int i=1;
while(i<bit){
num*=2;
if(num>=1){
send_to_Allcode('1',i++,codes);
num-=1;
}else{
send_to_Allcode('0',i++,codes);
}
}
//生成反码(也是补码和移码的基础)
if(codes->truecode[0]=='1'){
for(int i=1;i<bit;i++){
reverse_digit(codes->reversecode,i);
reverse_digit(codes->modecode,i);
reverse_digit(codes->parallelcode,i);
}
}
//生成补码(也是移码的基础)
char* one="1";
if(codes->truecode[0]=='1'){
codes->modecode=bin_plus_bin(codes->modecode,one);
codes->parallelcode=bin_plus_bin(codes->modecode,one);
}
//生成移码
if(codes->truecode[0]=='0'){
codes->parallelcode[0]='1';
}else{
codes->parallelcode[0]='0';
}
return codes;
}
//十进制 整数分别输出其补码、反码 、移码
Allcode* bin_to_codes(int num,int bit){
Allcode* codes=(Allcode*)malloc(sizeof(Allcode));
codes->truecode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));
codes->reversecode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));
codes->modecode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));
codes->parallelcode=(char*)malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));//最后一位:'\0'
//最前面0位及最后一位处理
if(num>=0){
send_to_Allcode('0',0,codes);
}else{
send_to_Allcode('1',0,codes);
num*=-1;
}
send_to_Allcode('\0',bit,codes);
//生成原码(也是后面所有码的基础)
for(int i=bit-1;i>0;i--){
send_to_Allcode(num%2+'0',i,codes);
num/=2;
}
//生成反码(也是补码和移码的基础)
if(codes->truecode[0]=='1'){
for(int i=1;i<bit;i++){
reverse_digit(codes->reversecode,i);
reverse_digit(codes->modecode,i);
reverse_digit(codes->parallelcode,i);
}
}
//生成补码(也是移码的基础)
char* one="1";
if(codes->truecode[0]=='1'){
codes->modecode=bin_plus_bin(codes->modecode,one);
codes->parallelcode=bin_plus_bin(codes->parallelcode,one);
}
//生成移码
if(codes->truecode[0]=='0'){
codes->parallelcode[0]='1';
}else{
codes->parallelcode[0]='0';
}
return codes;
}
//二进制加法(不适用整数与小数混加)
char* bin_plus_bin(char* A, char* B){
int len=strlen(A);
if(len<strlen(B)){
len=strlen(B);
}
char* res=malloc((len+1)*sizeof(char));
res[len]='\0';
int flag=0;
int ri=len-1;
int ai=strlen(A)-1;
int bi=strlen(B)-1;
do{
if(A[ai]=='.'){
res[ri--]='.';
ai--;
continue;
}
if(B[bi]=='.'){
res[ri--]='.';
bi--;
continue;
}
if(ai==-1){
if(flag==1){
if(B[bi]=='1'){
res[ri--]='0';
bi--;
}else{
res[ri--]='1';
bi--;
flag=0;
}
}else{
res[ri--]=B[bi--];
}
continue;
}
if(bi==-1){
if(flag==1){
if(A[ai]=='1'){
res[ri--]='0';
ai--;
}else{
res[ri--]='1';
ai--;
flag=0;
}
}else{
res[ri--]=A[ai--];
}
continue;
}
if(A[ai]!=B[bi]){//一个是1一个是0
if(flag==0){
res[ri--]='1';
ai--;
bi--;
continue;
}else{
res[ri--]='0';
ai--;
bi--;
continue;
}
}
if(A[ai]==B[bi]){
if(A[ai]=='0'){
if(flag==0){
res[ri--]='0';
ai--;
bi--;
continue;
}else{
res[ri--]='1';
flag=0;
ai--;
bi--;
continue;
}
}else if(A[ai]=='1'){
if(flag==0){
res[ri--]='0';
flag=1;
ai--;
bi--;
continue;
}else{
res[ri--]='1';
ai--;
bi--;
continue;
}
}
}
}while(ri>-1);
return res;
}
//对Floatn格式输出
void print_Floatnum(Floatn* flo){
printf("\n%s\n",flo->code);
printf(" ");
for(int i=1;i<flo->j;i++){
printf("^");
}
for(int i=1;i<(flo->bit)-(flo->j);i++){
printf("*");
}
printf("\n");
}
//构造规格化阶码和尾数并构造浮点数
Floatn* construst_float_number(double num,int bit,int jbit){
int j=0;
int j_2=0;
int weight=1;
Floatn* floatcode;
if(num<0){
weight=-1;
num*=-1;
}
double num_2=num;
while(num>=1&&num!=0){
num/=2;
j++;
}
while(num<0.5&&num!=0){
num*=2;
j--;
}
printf("\n规格化表示:=%lf*2^%d\n",weight*num,j);
floatcode=build_float_number(weight*num,j,bit,jbit);
while(num_2>=2&&num_2!=0){
num_2/=2;
j_2++;
}
while(num_2<1&&num_2!=0){
num_2*=2;
j_2--;
}
printf("\nIEEE 754:=%lf*2^%d\n",weight*num_2,j_2);
num_2-=1;
floatcode=build_float_number(weight*num_2,j_2,bit,jbit);
return floatcode;
}
//构造浮点数
Floatn* build_float_number(double s,int j,int bit,int jbit){
//j:阶码 jbit:阶码位数 s:尾数 bit 总位数
Floatn* floatcode=malloc(sizeof(Floatn));
floatcode->code=malloc((bit+1)*sizeof(char));
floatcode->j=jbit;
floatcode->bit=bit;
char* jchar=bin_to_codes(j,jbit)->parallelcode;//移码
char* schar=dec_to_codes(s,bit-jbit)->modecode;//补码
printf("尾码的补码:%s\n",schar);
printf("阶码的移码:%s\n",jchar);
int i=0;
int si=0;
int ji=0;
floatcode->code[i++]=schar[si++];
while(jchar[ji]!='\0'){
floatcode->code[i++]=jchar[ji++];
}
while(schar[si]!='\0'){
floatcode->code[i++]=schar[si++];
}
floatcode->code[bit]='\0';
return floatcode;
}
int main()
{
Rational* num;
int bit=32;//总位数(浮点数和定点数)
int jbit=8;//浮点数的阶码位数(包括符号位)
while(1){
num=scan_rational();
if(num->floatlock==1){
//按浮点数处理
printf("> 输入浮点数:%s\n",num->charnum);
print_Floatnum(construst_float_number(num->integer+num->decimal,bit,jbit));
printf("-------\n");
}else if(num->decimal==0){
//按整形处理
printf("> 输入定点整数:%d\n",num->integer);
print_Allcode(bin_to_codes(num->integer,bit));
printf("> 输入定点小数:%d\n",-1*num->integer);
print_Allcode(bin_to_codes(-1*num->integer,bit));
printf("-------\n");
}else if(num->integer==0){
//按小数型处理
printf("> 输入定点小数:%f\n",num->decimal);
print_Allcode(dec_to_codes(num->decimal,bit));
printf("> 输入定点小数:%f\n",-1*num->decimal);
print_Allcode(dec_to_codes(-1*num->decimal,bit));
printf("-------\n");
}else{
//按浮点数处理
printf("> 输入浮点数:%s\n",num->charnum);
print_Floatnum(construst_float_number(num->integer+num->decimal,bit,jbit));
printf("-------\n");
}
}
}