设计模式----单例模式

单例模式

单例模式就是让一个类智能创建一个对象。单例模式分为两种：懒汉式和饿汉式。但是懒汉式存在着线程安全的问题。需要对线程进行加锁操作。
条件：

1. 构造，拷贝和析构函数都是private，所以，无法通过声明对象来构造
2. 需要用静态成员变量来控制对象的个数，以保证不重复定义
3. 需要有静态的“构造”函数和“析构”函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//懒汉式
class Lazy{
    public:
        void setVal(int a, int b){
            this->a = a;
            this->b = b;
        }
        void print(){
            cout<<"a:b"<<endl;
            cout<<a<<":"<<b<<endl;
        }
        static Lazy *getIstance(){
            if(lazy==NULL)
                lazy = new Lazy();
            return lazy;
        }
    private:
        int a;
        int b;
        static Lazy *lazy;
        Lazy(){
            a = 0;
            b = 0;
        }
    class Recover{
        public:
            ~Recover(){
                if(Lazy::lazy!=NULL){
                    delete Lazy::lazy;
                    Lazy::lazy = NULL;
                }
            }
    };
};
//饿汉式
class Hunger
{
    public:
        void setVal(int a, int b)
        {
            this->a = a;
            this->b = b;
        }
        void print(){
            cout<<"a:b"<<endl;
            cout<<a<<":"<<b<<endl;
        }
        static Hunger *getInstance()
        {
            Recovery *recover;
            return hunger;
        }
    private:
        int a;
        int b;
        Hunger(){
            a = 0;
            b = 0;
        }
        static Hunger *hunger;
    class Recovery{
        public:
            ~Recovery(){
                if(Hunger::hunger != NULL){
                    delete hunger;
                    hunger = NULL;
                }
            }
    };
};
Hunger *Hunger::hunger = new Hunger();
Lazy *Lazy::lazy = NULL;
int main()
{
    Hunger *hunger1 = Hunger::getInstance();
    hunger1->setVal(300, 400);
    hunger1->print();
    Hunger *hunger2 = Hunger::getInstance();
    hunger2->print();
    cout<<hunger1<<":"<<hunger2<<endl;

    Lazy *lazy1 = Lazy::getIstance();
    lazy1->setVal(100, 200);
    lazy1->print();
    Lazy *lazy2 = Lazy::getIstance();
    lazy2->print();
    cout<<lazy1<<":"<<lazy2<<endl;

    return 0;
}