算分读书笔记(概率论预备知识)
1.组合数的阶估计
证明: ( n k ) k ≤ ( n k ) ≤ ( e n k ) k ( ∗ ) ({n\over k})^k\le\binom{n}{k}\le({en\over k})^k\ \ (*) (kn)k≤(kn)≤(ken)k (∗)
( n k ) = Π i = 0 k − 1 n − i k − i ≥ Π i = 0 k − 1 n k = ( n k ) k ( 1 ) \binom{n}{k}=\Pi_{i=0}^{k-1}{
{n- i}\over{k-i}}\ge\Pi_{i=0}^{k-1}{
{n}\over{k}}=({n\over k})^k\ \ (1) (kn)=Πi=0k−1k−in−i≥Πi=0k−1kn=(kn)k (1)
( n k ) = ( n n − k ) = Π i = 0 n − k − 1 n − i n − k − i ( 2 ) \binom{n}{k}=\binom{n}{n-k}=\Pi_{i=0}^{n-k-1}{
{n- i}\over{n-k-i}} \ (2) (kn)=(n−kn)=Πi=0n−k−1n−k−in−i