Collector 工具库:Collectors基于Lambda和Stream的使用
collect:接收一个Collector实例,将流中元素收集成另外一个数据结构。
Collector<T, A, R> 是一个接口,有以下5个抽象方法:
Supplier<A> supplier():创建一个结果容器A
BiConsumer<A, T> accumulator():消费型接口,第一个参数为容器A,第二个参数为流中元素T。
BinaryOperator<A> combiner():函数接口,该参数的作用跟上一个方法(reduce)中的combiner参数一样,将并行流中各 个子进程的运行结果(accumulator函数操作后的容器A)进行合并。
Function<A, R> finisher():函数式接口,参数为:容器A,返回类型为:collect方法最终想要的结果R。
Set<Characteristics> characteristics():返回一个不可变的Set集合,用来表明该Collector的特征。有以下三个特征:
CONCURRENT:表示此收集器支持并发。(官方文档还有其他描述,暂时没去探索,故不作过多翻译)
UNORDERED:表示该收集操作不会保留流中元素原有的顺序。
IDENTITY_FINISH:表示finisher参数只是标识而已,可忽略。
注:如果对以上函数接口不太理解的话,可参考我另外一篇文章:Java 8 函数式接口
- 3.3.1 Collector 工具库:Collectors
Student s1 = new Student("aa", 10,1);
Student s2 = new Student("bb", 20,2);
Student s3 = new Student("cc", 10,3);
List<Student> list = Arrays.asList(s1, s2, s3);
List<Integer> ageList = list.stream().map(Student::getAge).collect(Collectors.toList());
Set<Integer> ageSet = list.stream().map(Student::getAge).collect(Collectors.toSet());
Map<String, Integer> studentMap = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Student::getName, Student::getAge));
String joinName = list.stream().map(Student::getName).collect(Collectors.joining(",", "(", ")"));
Long count = list.stream().collect(Collectors.counting());
Integer maxAge = list.stream().map(Student::getAge).collect(Collectors.maxBy(Integer::compare)).get();
Integer sumAge = list.stream().collect(Collectors.summingInt(Student::getAge));
Double averageAge = list.stream().collect(Collectors.averagingDouble(Student::getAge));
DoubleSummaryStatistics statistics = list.stream().collect(Collectors.summarizingDouble(Student::getAge));
System.out.println("count:" + statistics.getCount() + ",max:" + statistics.getMax() + ",sum:" + statistics.getSum() + ",average:" + statistics.getAverage());
Map<Integer, List<Student>> ageMap = list.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getAge));
Map<Integer, Map<Integer, List<Student>>> typeAgeMap = list.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getType, Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getAge)));
Map<Boolean, List<Student>> partMap = list.stream().collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(v -> v.getAge() > 10));
Integer allAge = list.stream().map(Student::getAge).collect(Collectors.reducing(Integer::sum)).get();
Collectors.toList() 解析
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, List<T>> toList() {
return new CollectorImpl<>((Supplier<List<T>>) ArrayList::new, List::add,
(left, right) -> {
left.addAll(right);
return left;
}, CH_ID);
}
public <T> Collector<T, ?, List<T>> toList() {
Supplier<List<T>> supplier = () -> new ArrayList();
BiConsumer<List<T>, T> accumulator = (list, t) -> list.add(t);
BinaryOperator<List<T>> combiner = (list1, list2) -> {
list1.addAll(list2);
return list1;
};
Function<List<T>, List<T>> finisher = (list) -> list;
Set<Collector.Characteristics> characteristics = Collections.unmodifiableSet(EnumSet.of(Collector.Characteristics.IDENTITY_FINISH));
return new Collector<T, List<T>, List<T>>() {
@Override
public Supplier supplier() {
return supplier;
}
@Override
public BiConsumer accumulator() {
return accumulator;
}
@Override
public BinaryOperator combiner() {
return combiner;
}
@Override
public Function finisher() {
return finisher;
}
@Override
public Set<Characteristics> characteristics() {
return characteristics;
}
};
}