[root@master2~]# mysql -uroot -p ##进入数据库
Enter password:
mysql>createdatabase school;##创建数据库
Query OK,1row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>use school;##使用数据库Database changed
mysql>createtable info(##创建表-> id int(3)notnullprimarykeyauto_increment,-> name varchar(10)notnull,-> score decimal(4,1)notnull);
Query OK,0rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>desc info;##查看表结构+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+| Field |Type|Null|Key|Default| Extra |+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+| id |int(3)|NO| PRI |NULL|auto_increment|| name |varchar(10)|NO||NULL||| score |decimal(4,1)|NO||NULL||+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+3rowsinset(0.00 sec)
mysql>insertinto info (name,score)values('stu01',88),('stu02',77);##插入表数据
Query OK,2rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0Warnings: 0
mysql>select*from info;##查看表内容+----+-------+-------+| id | name | score |+----+-------+-------+|1| stu01 |88.0||2| stu02 |77.0|+----+-------+-------+2rowsinset(0.01 sec)
mysql>select*from info limit1;##只显示表中的前1行+----+-------+-------+| id | name | score |+----+-------+-------+|1| stu01 |88.0|+----+-------+-------+1rowinset(0.00 sec)
2,对数据库进行物理的完全备份
[root@master2~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data/ ##切换到数据库的数据目录下[root@master2data]# ls
auto.cnf ibdata1 ib_logfile1 mysql school test
ib_buffer_pool ib_logfile0 ibtmp1 performance_schema sys
[root@master2data]# cd school/[root@master2 school]# ls ##数据中的文件
db.opt info.frm info.ibd
[root@master2 school]# cd ..[root@master2data]# tar Jcvf /opt/mysql-$(date +%F).tar.xz /usr/local/mysql/data/ ##用xz格式压缩[root@master2data]# cd /opt/[root@master2 opt]# ls
mysql-2019-11-26.tar.xz mysql-5.7.20 rh
3,对单个数据库进行逻辑上的备份
[root@master2 opt]# mysqldump -uroot -p school > /opt/school.sql ##逻辑备份单个数据库
Enter password:
[root@master2 opt]# ls
mysql-2019-11-26.tar.xz mysql-5.7.20 rh school.s