[算法设计与分析]3.3.3信息数字化(判断小偷+得奖学生+次品箱+被多个数整除)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>

using namespace std;

void CaughtThief();
void WonPrize();
void InferiorBox();
void ExactDivision();

int main ()
{
    CaughtThief();
    WonPrize();
    InferiorBox();
    ExactDivision();
}

void CaughtThief()
{
    int x;
    for(x = 0; x < 4; x++)
    {
        if((x != 1) + (x == 3) + (x == 4) + (x != 4) == 3)//将ABCD私人的判断转化成逻辑表达式
                                    //并利用布尔型结果来表示有几人说的是真话
            printf("%d是小偷\n", x);
    }
    cout << endl;
}

void WonPrize()
{
    int a, b, c, d;
    for(a = 1; a <= 4; a++)
    {
        for(b = 1; b <= 4; b++)
        {
            if(a != b)
            {
                for(c = 1; c <= 4; c++)
                {
                    if(c != a && c != b)
                    {
                        d = 10 - a - b - c;
                        if((a == 1) + (b == 3) == 1 && (c == 1) + (d == 4) == 1 && (d == 2) + (a == 3) == 1)
                            printf("A,B,C,D:%d %d %d %d\n", a, b, c, d);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
}

void InferiorBox()
{
    int input = 30;
    int N = 5;//箱子总数
    int t = 1;
    int w1 = 0, w2, k;
    for(int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
    {
        cout << i << "box take:" << t << endl;
        w1 += t;
        t *= 2;
    }
    w1 *= 100;
    cout << "normal weight = " << w1 << endl;//理论重量
    cout << "Input reality weight" << endl;//实际重量

    w2 = 2800;
    w1 = (w1 - w2) / 100;//此时差值就是次品箱子造成的影响
    //以下两个方法的区别在于对库函数的应用
    /*while(w1)
    {
        k = 0;
        t = 1;
        while((w1 - t) >= 0)
        {
            t *= 2;//是2的倍数的关系
            k++;
            cout << k << "box is bad" << endl;
            w1 = w1 - t / 2;//w1是2的等差数列的和
        }
    }*/
    while(w1)//以2为底取对数
    {
        k = log(w1) / log(2);
        cout << k + 1 << "is bad\n";
        w1 = w1 - pow(2, k);//pow(2, k)=2^k
    }
    cout << endl;
}

void ExactDivision()//判断一个数是否可以被3,5,7整除 或者是可以被哪几个确切整除
{
    int num = 35;
    int k = (num % 3 == 0) + (num % 5 == 0) * 2 + (num % 7 == 0) * 4;
    switch(k)
    {
    case 0://以下数值利用的是3个数的真值表 即对应二进制与十进制之间的转化
        cout << "none" << endl;
        break;
    case 1:
        cout << "3";
        break;
    case 2:
        cout << "5";
        break;
    case 3:
        cout << "3, 5";
        break;
    case 4:
        cout << "7";
        break;
    case 5:
        cout << "3, 7";
        break;
    case 6:
        cout << "5, 7";
        break;
    case 7:
        cout << "3, 5, 7";
        break;
    }
}