Android学习笔记2（附）---组件应用

行接触这些东西，有很多理解不到位，感觉自己像个蜗牛一样，哎，弄吧弄吧。

ListView

引用点击打开链接

ListView，以列表的形式来展示

列表的显示需要三个元素：

1．ListVeiw 用来展示列表的View。

2．适配器 用来把数据映射到ListView上的中介。

3．数据    具体的将被映射的字符串，图片，或者基本组件。

看一个简单的demo（以ArrayAdapter为例）

package el.com.myapplication;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ListView listView;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        listView = new ListView(this);
        listView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(
                this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,getData()));
        setContentView(listView);
    }

    private List<String> getData() {
        List<String> data = new ArrayList<String>();
        data.add("测试1");
        data.add("测试2");
        data.add("测试3");
        data.add("测试4");
        return data;
    }
}

效果图

RecyclerView

RecyclerView,可以回收复用view,有缓存机制，可以代替ListView

引用一个比较简单的例子点击打开链接

上一个demo

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="el.com.myapplication.MainActivity">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycle_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"></android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>
</RelativeLayout>

item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:background="#44ff0000"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/id_num"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="1" />
</FrameLayout>

MainActivity.java

package el.com.myapplication;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<String> mDatas;
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;
    private FishAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycle_view);
        initData();
        initRecycleView();
    }

    private void initRecycleView() {
        adapter = new FishAdapter(this);
        //必须指定adaoter
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        //必须指定layoutmanager
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
        adapter.setData(mDatas);
    }

    protected void initData() {
        mDatas = new ArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 'A'; i < 'z'; i++) {
            mDatas.add("" + (char) i);
        }
    }
}

FishAdapter.java

package el.com.myapplication;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.List;


/**
 * Created by fish on 16/6/4. 
 */
public class FishAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FishViewHolder> {
    private List<String> data;
    private LayoutInflater inflater;

    public FishAdapter(Context context) {
        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    }

    @Override
    public FishViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {

//        LogUtil.fish("onCreateViewHolder");
        FishViewHolder holder = new FishViewHolder(inflater.inflate(
                R.layout.item, parent, false));
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(FishViewHolder holder, int position) {
//        LogUtil.fish("onBindViewHolder " + position);
        holder.tv.setText(data.get(position));
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return data.size();
    }

    public void setData(List<String> pDatas) {
        data = pDatas;
    }
}  

FishViewHolder

package el.com.myapplication;

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class FishViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    TextView tv;

    public FishViewHolder(View view) {
        super(view);
        tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.id_num);
    }
}

类似于电话簿，可以向上滑动可以加载多条数据
WebView

WebView网络视图，这个可以加载网页，本地的，互联网端的

PS：AndroidManifest.xml文件里面加载的权限，有这么一行代码：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

这样就OK啦，运行效果

PS：左边这张图是没有加网络访问权限的，会报Webpage not available异常

右边这张图是加上网络访问权限的，此时会显示我们想要的结果。

ScollView

ScollView，滚动视图，放在视图里的文字或图片，列表之类的东西，可以水平滚动或垂直滚动

在activity_main.xml里面添加如下代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<HorizontalScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" >

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@mipmap/pic"
                />
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@mipmap/pic"
                />
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@mipmap/pic"
                />
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@mipmap/pic"
                />

        </LinearLayout>

    </ScrollView>

</HorizontalScrollView>

效果图如下

ViewPager

ViewPager，可以实现屏幕的左右切换功能

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="el.com.myapplication.MainActivity">
<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
    android:id="@+id/viewpager"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center">
</android.support.v4.view.ViewPager>
</RelativeLayout>

layout1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@mipmap/jingdong1"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    >

</LinearLayout>

layout2.xml和layout3.xml类似

MainActivity.java

这里面要重写4个方法，4个方法分别起到什么作用，自己百度。

package el.com.myapplication;

import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private View view1, view2, view3;
    private ViewPager viewPager;
    private List<View> viewList;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewpager);
        LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();
        view1 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout1, null);
        view2 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout2, null);
        view3 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout3, null);

        viewList = new ArrayList<View>();
        viewList.add(view1);
        viewList.add(view2);
        viewList.add(view3);

        PagerAdapter pagerAdapter = new PagerAdapter() {
            @Override
            public int getCount() {
                return viewList.size();
            }

            @Override
            public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) {
                return view == object;
            }

            @Override
            public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
                container.removeView(viewList.get(position));
            }
            @Override
            public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
                container.addView(viewList.get(position));
                return viewList.get(position);
            }

        };
        viewPager.setAdapter(pagerAdapter);

    }
}

效果图
这三张图可以通过滑动屏幕左右切换，你平时下载软件，首次启动的时候，有没有这种体验，有吧。