大家好,好久没有更新博客了,最近由于身体不适让大家久等了,好了,直接进入主题~
Android 提供了三种数据存储方式,第一种是文件存储;第二种是SharedPreferences存储;第三种就是数据库SQLiteDatabase存储。
文件存储我就不用多说了,而SharedPreferences可以存取简单的数据(int,double,float.etc),它经常用于数据缓存,因为它读取存储简单。详细可以参见本系列。Android高手进阶教程(七)之----Android 中Preferences的使用!
今天我们将讲一下SQLiteDatabase的使用。而掌握SqliteDatabase,将会我们接下来掌握ContentProvider打下良好的基石。
为了让大家更好的掌握,我们手把手完成该节的Demo。
第一步:新建一个Android工程,命名为SQLiteDatabaseDemo.
第二步:创建一个新的类BooksDB.java这个类要继承于android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper抽象类,我们要实现其中两个方法:onCreate(),onUpdate.具体代码如下:
- package com.android.tutor;
- import android.content.ContentValues;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.database.Cursor;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
- public class BooksDB extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
- private final static String DATABASE_NAME = "BOOKS.db";
- private final static int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
- private final static String TABLE_NAME = "books_table";
- public final static String BOOK_ID = "book_id";
- public final static String BOOK_NAME = "book_name";
- public final static String BOOK_AUTHOR = "book_author";
- public BooksDB(Context context) {
- // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
- super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
- }
- //创建table
- @Override
- public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
- String sql = "CREATE TABLE " + TABLE_NAME + " (" + BOOK_ID
- + " INTEGER primary key autoincrement, " + BOOK_NAME + " text, "+ BOOK_AUTHOR +" text);";
- db.execSQL(sql);
- }
- @Override
- public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
- String sql = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME;
- db.execSQL(sql);
- onCreate(db);
- }
- public Cursor select() {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.getReadableDatabase();
- Cursor cursor = db
- .query(TABLE_NAME, null, null, null, null, null, null);
- return cursor;
- }
- //增加操作
- public long insert(String bookname,String author)
- {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase();
- /* ContentValues */
- ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
- cv.put(BOOK_NAME, bookname);
- cv.put(BOOK_AUTHOR, author);
- long row = db.insert(TABLE_NAME, null, cv);
- return row;
- }
- //删除操作
- public void delete(int id)
- {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase();
- String where = BOOK_ID + " = ?";
- String[] whereValue ={ Integer.toString(id) };
- db.delete(TABLE_NAME, where, whereValue);
- }
- //修改操作
- public void update(int id, String bookname,String author)
- {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase();
- String where = BOOK_ID + " = ?";
- String[] whereValue = { Integer.toString(id) };
- ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
- cv.put(BOOK_NAME, bookname);
- cv.put(BOOK_AUTHOR, author);
- db.update(TABLE_NAME, cv, where, whereValue);
- }
- }
第三步:修改main.xml布局如下,由两个EditText和一个ListView组成,代码如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- >
- <EditText
- android:id="@+id/bookname"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- >
- </EditText>
- <EditText
- android:id="@+id/author"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- >
- </EditText>
- <ListView
- android:id="@+id/bookslist"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- >
- </ListView>
- </LinearLayout>
第四步:修改SQLiteDatabaseDemo.java代码如下:
- package com.android.tutor;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.database.Cursor;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.Menu;
- import android.view.MenuItem;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.AdapterView;
- import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
- import android.widget.EditText;
- import android.widget.ListView;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- public class SQLiteDatabaseDemo extends Activity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {
- private BooksDB mBooksDB;
- private Cursor mCursor;
- private EditText BookName;
- private EditText BookAuthor;
- private ListView BooksList;
- private int BOOK_ID = 0;
- protected final static int MENU_ADD = Menu.FIRST;
- protected final static int MENU_DELETE = Menu.FIRST + 1;
- protected final static int MENU_UPDATE = Menu.FIRST + 2;
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- setUpViews();
- }
- public void setUpViews(){
- mBooksDB = new BooksDB(this);
- mCursor = mBooksDB.select();
- BookName = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.bookname);
- BookAuthor = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.author);
- BooksList = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.bookslist);
- BooksList.setAdapter(new BooksListAdapter(this, mCursor));
- BooksList.setOnItemClickListener(this);
- }
- @Override
- public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
- super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
- menu.add(Menu.NONE, MENU_ADD, 0, "ADD");
- menu.add(Menu.NONE, MENU_DELETE, 0, "DELETE");
- menu.add(Menu.NONE, MENU_DELETE, 0, "UPDATE");
- return true;
- }
- public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
- {
- super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
- switch (item.getItemId())
- {
- case MENU_ADD:
- add();
- break;
- case MENU_DELETE:
- delete();
- break;
- case MENU_UPDATE:
- update();
- break;
- }
- return true;
- }
- public void add(){
- String bookname = BookName.getText().toString();
- String author = BookAuthor.getText().toString();
- //书名和作者都不能为空,或者退出
- if (bookname.equals("") || author.equals("")){
- return;
- }
- mBooksDB.insert(bookname, author);
- mCursor.requery();
- BooksList.invalidateViews();
- BookName.setText("");
- BookAuthor.setText("");
- Toast.makeText(this, "Add Successed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- public void delete(){
- if (BOOK_ID == 0) {
- return;
- }
- mBooksDB.delete(BOOK_ID);
- mCursor.requery();
- BooksList.invalidateViews();
- BookName.setText("");
- BookAuthor.setText("");
- Toast.makeText(this, "Delete Successed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- public void update(){
- String bookname = BookName.getText().toString();
- String author = BookAuthor.getText().toString();
- //书名和作者都不能为空,或者退出
- if (bookname.equals("") || author.equals("")){
- return;
- }
- mBooksDB.update(BOOK_ID, bookname, author);
- mCursor.requery();
- BooksList.invalidateViews();
- BookName.setText("");
- BookAuthor.setText("");
- Toast.makeText(this, "Update Successed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- @Override
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
- mCursor.moveToPosition(position);
- BOOK_ID = mCursor.getInt(0);
- BookName.setText(mCursor.getString(1));
- BookAuthor.setText(mCursor.getString(2));
- }
- public class BooksListAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
- private Context mContext;
- private Cursor mCursor;
- public BooksListAdapter(Context context,Cursor cursor) {
- mContext = context;
- mCursor = cursor;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return mCursor.getCount();
- }
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return null;
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return 0;
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- TextView mTextView = new TextView(mContext);
- mCursor.moveToPosition(position);
- mTextView.setText(mCursor.getString(1) + "___" + mCursor.getString(2));
- return mTextView;
- }
- }
- }
第五步:运行程序效果如下:
第六步:查看我们所建的数据库。有两种方法:第一种用命令查看:adb shell ls data/data/com.android.tutor/databases。
另一种方法是用DDMS查看,在data/data下面对应的应用程序的包名 下会有如下数据库,如图所示:
由于代码都是现写,时间原因,没有全部加注释,如果大家 有什么不懂的地方,可以留言,我会尽快答复,如果需源代码,请留下你的Email
地址,ok,今天就到这里,大家晚安!