oracle 热备份

 一、备份表空间（包括系统表空间）

  1.查询出表空间和数据文件的关系

select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

 

2.备份表空间

alter tablespace USERS begin backup;

 

3.拷贝该文件到指定目录下

SQL> ! cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/demo1/users01.dbf /tmp/hrdb

 

4.结束表空间备份

alter tablespace USERS end backup;

 

二、当热备时，断电

1.SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;

2.SQL> shutdown abort

3.报错

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  213909504 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218580 bytes
Variable Size              83888108 bytes
Database Buffers          125829120 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01113: file 4 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/demo1/users01.dbf'

4.查看v$backup视图

QL> select * from v$backup;

     FILE# STATUS                CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------------------ ---------- ---------
         1 NOT ACTIVE                  0
         2 NOT ACTIVE                  0
         3 NOT ACTIVE                  0
         4 ACTIVE                 584094 10-JAN-12

5.解决

SQL> alter database datafile 4 end backup;

6.启动到open状态

SQL> alter database open;