BZOJ 1112 POI2008 砖块Klo Treap

题目大意：给定一个长度为n的序列，求一个长度为k的子区间，将这个长度为k的区间变成一样的，代价总和最小，求最小花销

显然选取的是这k个数的中位数时代价总和最小

于是我们从左往右扫一遍 用一个Treap来维护这个长度为k的区间即可

时间复杂度O(nlogn) 这水题居然还贡献了一个WA真是。。。

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#define M 100100
#define SIZE(p) ((p)?(p)->size:0)
#define SUM(p) ((p)?(p)->sum:0)
using namespace std;
struct Treap{
	Treap *ls,*rs;
	int val,key;
	int cnt,size;
	long long sum;
	void* operator new (size_t,int _)
	{
		static Treap mempool[M],*C=mempool;
		C->ls=C->rs=0x0;
		C->sum=C->val=_;
		C->key=rand();
		C->cnt=C->size=1;
		return C++;
	}
	void Push_Up()
	{
		sum=(long long)val*cnt;
		size=cnt;
		if(ls) sum+=ls->sum,size+=ls->size;
		if(rs) sum+=rs->sum,size+=rs->size;
	}
	friend void Zig(Treap *&x)
	{
		Treap *y=x->ls;
		x->ls=y->rs;
		y->rs=x;x=y;
		x->Push_Up();
		x->rs->Push_Up();
	}
	friend void Zag(Treap *&x)
	{
		Treap *y=x->rs;
		x->rs=y->ls;
		y->ls=x;x=y;
		x->Push_Up();
		x->ls->Push_Up();
	}
	friend void Insert(Treap *&x,int y)
	{
		if(!x)
		{
			x=new (y)Treap;
			return ;
		}
		if(y==x->val)
			x->cnt++;
		else if(y<x->val)
		{
			Insert(x->ls,y);
			if(x->ls->key>x->key)
				Zig(x);
		}
		else
		{
			Insert(x->rs,y);
			if(x->rs->key>x->key)
				Zag(x);
		}
		x->Push_Up();
	}
	friend void Delete(Treap *&x,int y)
	{
		if(y<x->val)
			Delete(x->ls,y);
		else if(y>x->val)
			Delete(x->rs,y);
		else if(x->cnt>=2)
			--x->cnt;
		else if(!x->ls)
			x=x->rs;
		else if(!x->rs)
			x=x->ls;
		else
		{
			Zag(x);
			Delete(x->ls,y);
			if(x->ls&&x->ls->key>x->key)
				Zig(x);
		}
		if(x) x->Push_Up();
	}
	friend int Get_Kth(Treap *x,int y)
	{
		if(y<=SIZE(x->ls))
			return Get_Kth(x->ls,y);
		if(y<=SIZE(x->ls)+x->cnt)
			return x->val;
		else
			return Get_Kth(x->rs,y-SIZE(x->ls)-x->cnt);
	}
	friend long long Query(Treap *x,int y)
	{
		if(!x) return 0;
		if(y<=SIZE(x->ls))
			return Query(x->ls,y);
		if(y<=SIZE(x->ls)+x->cnt)
			return SUM(x->ls) + (long long)x->val*(y-SIZE(x->ls));
		else
			return SUM(x->ls) + (long long)x->val*x->cnt + Query(x->rs,y-SIZE(x->ls)-x->cnt);
	}
}*root;

int n,k,a[M];
long long ans=0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3fll,sum[M];

int main()
{
	int i;
	srand(19980402);
	cin>>n>>k;
	for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
	{
		scanf("%d",&a[i]);
		sum[i]=sum[i-1]+a[i];
	}
	for(i=1;i<k;i++)
		Insert(root,a[i]);
	for(i=k;i<=n;i++)
	{
		Insert(root,a[i]);
		long long mid=Get_Kth(root,k+1>>1);
		long long lesser=Query(root,k+1>>1);
		long long greater=sum[i]-sum[i-k]-lesser;
		ans=min(ans, mid*(k+1>>1)-lesser + greater-mid*(k-(k+1>>1)) );
		Delete(root,a[i-k+1]);
	}
	cout<<ans<<endl;
	return 0;
}