一,介绍fgetc,fputc是一个一个字符串读取的
/*************************************************************************
> File Name:
> Author: songli
> QQ:2734030745
> Mail: 15850774503@163.com
> Created Time:
************************************************************************/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
char filename1[50], filename2[50], ch;
scanf("%s", filename1);
FILE *in = fopen(filename1, "rb"); //以读的方式打开filename1
if (!in)
return -1;
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
scanf("%s", filename2);
FILE *out = fopen(filename2, "wb");//以写的方式打开filename2
if (!out)
return -1;
while ((ch = fgetc(in)) != EOF)
{
fputc(ch, out);
printf("%c", ch);
}
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
printf("\n");
system("pause");
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
二,一行一行读取文件fgets和fputs
文本格式读写的
函数原型
int fgetc(FILE *stream);
char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream);
实际例子:
/*************************************************************************
> File Name:
> Author: songli
> QQ:2734030745
> Mail: 15850774503@163.com
> Created Time:
************************************************************************/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
char filename1[50], filename2[50];
//在堆上开辟内存1kb
char *buf = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * 1024);
scanf("%s", filename1);
FILE *in = fopen(filename1, "rb");
if (!in)
return -1;
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
scanf("%s", filename2);
FILE *out = fopen(filename2, "wb");
if (!out)
return -1;
while (!feof(in))
{
fgets(buf, sizeof(char) * 1024, in);
//写的文件中
fputs(buf, out);
}
//释放内存
free(buf);
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
printf("\n");
system("pause");
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
三,格式化输入和输出fscanf和fprintf的函数
函数模型
#include <stdio.h>
int scanf(const char *format, ...);
int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...);
int sscanf(const char *str, const char *format, ...);
/*************************************************************************
> File Name:
> Author: songli
> QQ:2734030745
> Mail: 15850774503@163.com
> Created Time:
************************************************************************/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
char filename1[50], filename2[50];
scanf("%s", filename1);
FILE *in = fopen(filename1, "rb");
if (!in)
return -1;
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
scanf("%s", filename2);
FILE *out = fopen(filename2, "wb");
if (!out)
return -1;
int a, b;
char c;
while (!feof(in))
{
//这边我就简单写一下 可以用开辟堆上的内存的指针操作
fscanf(in, "%d%c%d=\n", &a, &c, &b);
printf("%d,%c,%d\n", a, c, b);
//写入一个文件中
fprintf(out, "%d%c%d=\n", a, c, b);
}
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
printf("\n");
system("pause");
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
效果图
四,文件随机读写好的函数fseek和ftell的使用
函数
int fseek(FILE *stream, long offset, int whence); //SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END
long ftell(FILE *stream);
void rewind(FILE *stream);
int fgetpos(FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos);
int fsetpos(FILE *stream, const fpos_t *pos);
五,文件的拷贝和切割fread和fwrite
函数的定义
#include <stdio.h>
size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);
size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
FILE *stream);
例子:
/*************************************************************************
> File Name:
> Author: songli
> QQ:2734030745
> Mail: 15850774503@163.com
> Created Time:
************************************************************************/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
char filename1[50], filename2[50];
//在堆上开辟内存1kb
char *buf = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * 1024);
scanf("%s", filename1);
FILE *in = fopen(filename1, "rb");
if (!in)
return -1;
printf("请您输入文件的路径:\n");
scanf("%s", filename2);
FILE *out = fopen(filename2, "wb");
if (!out)
return -1;
while (!feof(in))
{
int len = fread(buf, sizeof(char), 1024, in);
fwrite(buf, sizeof(char), len, out);
}
//释放内存
free(buf);
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
printf("\n");
system("pause");
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
效果图
这里我要讲的fread函数的
的参数的返回值是读取的到数据的大小
int len = fread(buf, sizeof(char), 1024, in);
六,文件的信息的函数stat
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int stat(const char *pathname, struct stat *buf);
int fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf);
int lstat(const char *pathname, struct stat *buf);
#include <fcntl.h> /* Definition of AT_* constants */
struct stat {
dev_t st_dev; /* ID of device contai
ning file */
ino_t st_ino; /* inode number */
mode_t st_mode; /* protection */
nlink_t st_nlink; /* number of hard links */
uid_t st_uid; /* user ID of owner */
gid_t st_gid; /* group ID of owner */
dev_t st_rdev; /* device ID (if special file) */
off_t st_size; /* total size, in bytes */
blksize_t st_blksize; /* blocksize for filesystem I/O */
blkcnt_t st_blocks; /* number of 512B blocks allocated */
/* Since Linux 2.6, the kernel supports nanosecond
precision for the following timestamp fields.
For the details before Linux 2.6, see NOTES. */
struct timespec st_atim; /* time of last access */
struct timespec st_mtim; /* time of last modification */
struct timespec st_ctim; /* time of last status change */
#define st_atime st_atim.tv_sec /* Backward compatibility */
#define st_mtime st_mtim.tv_sec
#define st_ctime st_ctim.tv_sec
};
还有几个还是没有讲到 分别是重置文件光标位置:
rewind(文件指针)
文件属性:
1、导入头文件 sys/types.h sys/stat.h
2、定义文件状态结构体 struct stat st
3、获取文件状态 stat(文件名,&st)
4、获取文件大小st.st_size
删除:
remove(路径+文件名)成功返回值为0
重命名(移动):
rename(路径+老文件名,路径+新文件名)成功返回值为0
更新文件缓冲区:
fflush(文件指针)