【专题】Django期末练习题

• What is a Django project?

  A) A collection of configuration and apps for a particular website

  B) A single web application

  C) A Python package with its own components

  D) A web server configuration file

  Answer: A) A collection of configuration and apps for a particular website

• Which command is used to start a new Django project?

  A) django-admin startapp

  B) django-admin runserver

  C) django-admin startproject

  D) django-admin createsuperuser

  Answer: C) django-admin startproject

• What is the purpose of __init__.py in project directories?

  A) It allows Python to recognize the folder as a package.

  B) It is useless and can be deleted.

  C) It is used to initialize any empty values.

  D) None of the above

  Answer: A) It allows Python to recognize the folder as a package.

• What is the correct order of steps to display a “Hello World” message using Django views and URLconf?

  1. Create a view function that returns an HttpResponse with “Hello World”.

  2. Create a urls.py file in your app directory and map a URL to the view function.

  3. Add the app’s URLconf to the project’s urls.py.

  4. Run the development server and visit the mapped URL.

​ A) 1, 2, 3, 4

​ B) 1, 3, 2, 4

​ C) 2, 1, 3, 4

​ D) 3, 2, 1, 4

​ Answer: A) 1, 2, 3, 4

• What happens when urls.py file is edited while the development server is still running?

​ A) Development server terminates.

​ B) The development server automatically restarts.

​ C) The development server does nothing.

​ D) The web page is automatically reloaded.

​ Answer: B) The development server automatically restarts.

• Which setting contains the parameter of the main URLs file?

​ A) ROOT_URLCONF

​ B) MAIN_URLCONF

​ C) STATIC_URL

​ D) MEDIA_URL

​ Answer: A) ROOT_URLCONF

• What is the purpose of __init__.py in project directories?

​ A) It allows Python to recognize the folder as a package.

​ B) It is useless and can be deleted.

​ C) It is used to initialize any empty values.

​ D) None of the above

​ Answer: A) It allows Python to recognize the folder as a package.

• Which method is used instead of path() in urls.py to pass in regular expressions as routes?

​ A) static()

​ B) re_path()

​ C) include()

​ D) url()

​ Answer: B) re_path()

• Which keyword is used to load another template in a template file?

​ A) import

​ B) include

​ C) from

​ D) None of these

​ Answer: B) include

• Which of these is not a valid method or approach to perform URL resolution in Django?

​ A) Using Template {{ url : }} in a template

​ B) Using reverse() in View Functions

​ C) Using get_absolute_url()

​ D) None of the above

​ Answer: A) Using Template {{ url : }} in a template

• What does the __init__.py file in a Django directory signify?

​ A) It initializes any empty values.

​ B) It is useless and can be deleted.

​ C) It allows Python to recognize the folder as a package.

​ D) It stores configuration settings.

​ Answer: C

• Which command is used to apply migrations in Django?

​ A) python manage.py apply

​ B) python manage.py migrate

​ C) python manage.py runserver

​ D) python manage.py migrateapp

​ Answer: B

• What is the purpose of the Django admin interface?

​ A) To manage user permissions

​ B) To serve static files

​ C) To create, read, update, and delete content

​ D) To handle URL routing

​ Answer: C

• Which function should be used in Django URLs to include other URL patterns?

​ A) path()

​ B) re_path()

​ C) include()

​ D) url()

​ Answer: C

• What does the Post.objects.all() method do in Django?

​ A) Creates a new Post object

​ B) Deletes all objects in the Post table

​ C) Retrieves all objects from the Post table

​ D) Updates all objects in the Post table

​ Answer: C

• What will happen if MyObject.objects.get() is called with parameters that do not match any item in the database?

​ A) The Http404 exception is raised

​ B) The DatabaseError exception is raised

​ C) The MyObject.DoesNotExist exception is raised

​ D) The object is created and returned

​ Answer: C

• What is a Django model?

​ A) A template for HTML files

​ B) A built-in feature that Django uses to create tables, fields, and constraints

​ C) A CSS framework

​ D) A JavaScript library

​ Answer: B) A built-in feature that Django uses to create tables, fields, and constraints

• Which command is used to create a new migration in Django?

​ A) migrate

​ B) create_migration

​ C) makemigrations

​ D) startmigration

​ Answer: C) makemigrations

• Which of the following is a supported database by Django?

​ A) PostgreSQL

​ B) MongoDB

​ C) CouchDB

​ D) Neo4j

​ Answer: A) PostgreSQL

• Which method is used to fetch a single object from the database in Django?

​ A) all()

​ B) filter()

​ C) get()

​ D) exclude()

​ Answer: C) get()

• Which field type would you use to store an email address in a Django model?

​ A) CharField

​ B) EmailField

​ C) TextField

​ D) URLField

​ Answer: B) EmailField

• Which of the following statements about Django ORM is true?

​ A) It requires manual SQL for all database operations.

​ B) It automatically handles database migrations without user input.

​ C) It simplifies database programming by mapping Python objects to database tables.

​ D) It is compatible with all NoSQL databases by default.

​ Answer: C) It simplifies database programming by mapping Python objects to database tables.

• What file do you typically edit to define URL patterns in a Django project?

​ a) settings.py

​ b) models.py

​ c) urls.py

​ d) views.py

​ Answer: c) urls.py

• What is the purpose of Django’s get_template method?

​ a) To fetch data from the database

​ b) To retrieve and render an HTML template

​ c) To handle user authentication

​ d) To manage static files

​ Answer: b) To retrieve and render an HTML template

• Which of the following is a built-in Django field type for handling email addresses?

​ a) CharField

​ b) TextField

​ c) EmailField

​ d) URLField

​ Answer: c) EmailField

• In Django’s Model-View-Template (MVT) pattern, which component is responsible for business logic?

​ a) Model

​ b) View

​ c) Template

​ d) Controller

​ Answer: b) View

• What is Django middleware?

​ A. A lightweight plugin that processes during request and response execution

​ B. A template engine

​ C. A database model

​ D. A URL dispatcher

​ Answer: A

• 有一个Django项目，其URLconf的配置如下。

  项目的urls.py内容：

  from django.urls import path, include          
  urlpatterns = [       
      path('', views.hello_view),
      path('top10/',  views.top10),
      path('movie/<int:year>/',  views.year_list),
      path('movie/<int:year>/<int:quarter>/',  views.quarter_list),
      path('movie/<int:year>/<int:quarter>/<slug:slug>/',  views.slug_list),
  ]     
  

  请根据上述的设置，判断一下哪一组url都能正确访问？

  A.

  "http://localhost:8080/movies/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022_12/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/4.5/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/1/cn_war/"
  

  B.

  "http://localhost:8080/movies/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/1.8/cn_war/"
  

  C.

  "http://localhost:8080/
  http://localhost:8080/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022_2/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/4/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/a/cn_war/"
  

  D.

  "http://localhost:8080/
  http://localhost:8080/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movie/2022/
  http://localhost:8080/movie/2022/4/
  http://localhost:8080/movie/2022/1/cn_war/"
  

• 有一个Django项目，其URLconf的配置如下。

  项目的urls.py内容：

   from django.urls import path, include
      urlpatterns = [
          path('movies/',  include('myapp.urls')),     
      ] 
  

  在应用myapp目录下的urls.py中的内容如下：

       urlpatterns = [
           path('', views.hello_view),
           path('top10/',  views.top10),
           path('<int:year>/', views.year_list),
           path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/',  views.quarter_list),
           path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/<slug:slug>/',  views.slug_list),
       ]     
  

  请根据上述的设置，判断一下哪一组url都能正确访问？

  A.

  "http://localhost:8080/movies/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/4/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/1/cn_war/"
  

  B.

  "http://localhost:8080/movies/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022_12/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/4.5/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/1/cn_war/"
  

  C.

  "http://localhost:8080/movies/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/1.8/cn_war/"
  

  D.

  "http://localhost:8080/movies/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/top10/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022_2/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/4/
  http://localhost:8080/movies/2022/a/cn_war/"
  

• 以下代码哪个能在浏览器上返回当前时间

  A.

  "def current_datetime(request):
      now = datetime.datetime.now()
      html = ""<html><body>It is now %s.</body></html>"" % now
      return HttpResponse(html)"
  

  B.

  "def current_datetime(request):
      now = datetime.datetime.now()
      html = ""<html><body>It is now</body></html>""
      return HttpResponse(html)"
  

  C.

  "def current_datetime(request):
      now = datetime.datetime.now()
      html = ""<html><body>It is now %s.</body></html>"" % now
      return html"
  

  D. 以上都不是

• 有一个Django项目，其URLconf的配置如下。

  项目的urls.py内容：

  from django.urls import path, include
  urlpatterns = [       
      path('movies/',  include('myapp.urls')),
  ] 
  

  在应用myapp目录下的urls.py中的内容如下：

  urlpatterns = [       
      path('', views.hello_view),       
      path('top10/',  views.top10),       
      path('<int:year>/', views.year_list),         
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/',  views.quarter_list),
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/<slug:slug>/',  views.slug_list),
  ]     
  

  请根据上述的设置，判断一下哪一项的代码与之等价？

  A.

  "项目的urls.py内容：

  from django.urls import path, include
  urlpatterns = [
      path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
  ]
  

  在应用myapp目录下的urls.py中的内容如下：

  urlpatterns = [
      path('', views.hello_view),
      path('top10/', views.top10),
      re_path('(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/$', views.year_list),
      re_path('(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<quarter>[1-4])/', views.quarter_list),
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/<slug:slug>/', views.slug_list),
  ]"
  

  B.

  "项目的urls.py内容：

  from django.urls import path, include
  urlpatterns = [
      path('', views.hello_view),
      path('top10/', views.top10),
      re_path('(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/$', views.year_list),
      re_path('(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<quarter>[1-4])/', views.quarter_list),
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/<slug:slug>/', views.slug_list),
  ]"
  

  C.

  "项目的urls.py内容：

  from django.urls import path, include
  extra_patterns = [
      path('', views.hello_view),
      path('top10/', views.top10),
      path('<int:year>/', views.year_list),
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/', views.quarter_list),
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/<slug:slug>/', views.slug_list),
  ]
  urlpatterns = [
      path('movies/', include(extra_patterns)),
  ]"
  

  D.

  "项目的urls.py内容：

  
  from django.urls import path, include
  urlpatterns = [
      path('', views.hello_view),
      path('top10/', views.top10),
      path('<int:year>/', views.year_list),
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/', views.quarter_list),
      path('<int:year>/<int:quarter>/<slug:slug>/', views.slug_list),
  ]"
  

• 有Django项目的url路由配置如下所示：

   urlpatterns = [
       path('set/', views.set_cookie,  name='cset'),
       path('get/', views.get_cookie,  name='cget'),
       path('del/', views.delete_cookie,  name='cdel'),
       path('test/', views.cookie_test,  name='ctest'),
       path('login/', views.login,  name='login'),
       path('index/', views.index,  name='index'),
       path('logout/', views.logout,  name='logout'),
       path('register/', views.register,  name='register'),
       path('active/',  views.active_process),
   ]     
  

  请问哪个选项的模板中{%url%}可正确还原？

  A.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>主页</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <div>
          <hr>
          {% if is_login %}
          <h3>欢迎{{ username }}回来，登录成功</h3><br>
          <p>会话id：{{ sessionid }}</p>
          <hr>
          <a href=""{% url log_out %}"">注销</a>
          {% else %}
          <h3>尚未登录，请<a href=""{% url log_in %}"">点击这里</a>重新登录</h3>
          <hr>
          {% endif %}
      </div>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  B.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>主页</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <div>
          <hr>
          {% if is_login %}
          <h3>欢迎{{ username }}回来，登录成功</h3><br>
          <p>会话id：{{ sessionid }}</p>
          <hr>
          <a href=""{% url 'log_out' %}"">注销</a>
          {% else %}
          <h3>尚未登录，请<a href=""{% url 'log_in' %}"">点击这里</a>重新登录</h3>
          <hr>
          {% endif %}
      </div>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  C.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>主页</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <div>
          <hr>
          {% if is_login %}
          <h3>欢迎{{ username }}回来，登录成功</h3><br>
          <p>会话id：{{ sessionid }}</p>
          <hr>
          <a href=""{% url 'logout' %}"">注销</a>
          {% else %}
          <h3>尚未登录，请<a href=""{% url 'login' %}"">点击这里</a>重新登录</h3>
          <hr>
          {% endif %}
      </div>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  D.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>主页</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <div>
          <hr>
          {% if is_login %}
          <h3>欢迎{{ username }}回来，登录成功</h3><br>
          <p>会话id：{{ sessionid }}</p>
          <hr>
          <a href=""{% 'logout' %}"">注销</a>
          {% else %}
          <h3>尚未登录，请<a href=""{% 'login' %}"">点击这里</a>重新登录</h3>
          <hr>
          {% endif %}
      </div>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

• 有模板hello.html如下：

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
      <head>
          <meta  charset="UTF-8">
          <meta name="viewport"  content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
          <meta  http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
          <title>Homepage</title>
      </head>
      <body>
          <h1>Welcome to  myapp.</h1>
          <p> Data is {{ list }}</p>
          <h4>List is  </h4>
          <ul>
              {% for i in list %}
              <li>{{ i  }}</li>
              {% endfor %}
          </ul>
      </body>
  </html>     
  

  请问下面哪一个view函数能够正常渲染这个模板

  A.

  "def hello_view(request):
      context = {
              ""list"" : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
      }
      return render(""hello.html""， context )"
  

  B.

  "def hello_view(request):
      context = {
              ""list"" : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
      }
      return render(request, ""hello.html"" )"
  

  C.

  "def hello_view(request):
      context = {
              ""list"" : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
      }
      return render(request, ""hello.html"" ,context)"
  

  D.

  "def hello_view(request):
      list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
      return render(request, ""hello.html"" ,list)"
  

• 有如下view函数及模板，经模板引擎渲染后，页面上应显示包含艺术家名称及序号的两列多行表格，且表格每一行的背景色间隔变化。 如下模板在“<!-- 此处代码缺失，需补充完整 -->”部分，关键代码缺失，请选择，如下那个代码片段正式所缺失的部分。

  from django.shortcuts import render
  def hello_view(request):
      context = {
          "musicians_list":
          [
              '路德维希·凡·贝多芬', '莫扎特',  '肖邦', '德彪西',
              '海顿', '拉威尔', '巴赫',  '弗朗茨·舒伯特', '柴可夫斯基', '弗朗茨·李斯特'],
      }
      return render(request, "home.html", context)          
  

  模板home.html：

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
      <head>
          <meta  charset="UTF-8">
          <title>Title</title>
          <style  type="text/css">
              .row-odd {
                  background-color:  #f2f2f2;
              }
              .row-even {
                  background-color:  #fde9d9;
              }
          </style>
      </head>
      <body>
          <h2>循环生成表格各行</h2></br>
      <table border="1">
          <thead>
              <tr>
                  <th>序号</th>
                  <th>艺术家</th>
              </tr>
          </thead>
          <!-- 此处代码缺失，需补充完整  -->
      </table>
      </p>
  </body>
  </html>
  

  A.

  "{% for artist in musicians_list %}
      <tr class=""{% 'row-odd' 'row-even' %}"">   
         <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
         <td>{{ artist }}</td>
      </tr>
  {% endfor %}"
  

  B.

  "{% for artist in musicians_list %}
      <tr class=""{% cycle 'row-odd' 'row-even' %}"">
      {# forloop 是内建的模板变量,值是一个整数,表示循环的次数。这个属性的值从 1 开始 #}
         <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
         <td>{{ artist }}</td>
      </tr>
  {% endfor %}"
  

  C.

  "{% for artist in musicians_list %}
      <tr class=""{% cycle 'row-odd' 'row-even' %}""> 
         <td>{{ artist }}</td>
      </tr>
  {% endfor %}"
  

  D.

  "
      <tr class=""{% cycle 'row-odd' 'row-even' %}"">
      {# forloop 是内建的模板变量,值是一个整数,表示循环的次数。这个属性的值从 1 开始 #}
         <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
         <td>{{ artist }}</td>
      </tr>
  "
  

• 有Django项目mysite，在该项目的根目录下，建立了一个模板子目录templates，请问哪个设置代码是正确的？

  A.

  TEMPLATES = [
      {
          'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
          'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
          'APP_DIRS': True,
          'OPTIONS': {
              'context_processors': [
                  'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                  'django.template.context_processors.request',
                  'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                  'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
              ],
          },
      },
  ]
  

  B.

  TEMPLATES = [
      {
          'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
          'DIRS': ['templates'],
          'APP_DIRS': True,
          'OPTIONS': {
              'context_processors': [
                  'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                  'django.template.context_processors.request',
                  'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                  'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
              ],
          },
      },
  ]
  

  C.

  TEMPLATES = [
      {
          'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
          'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR)],
          'APP_DIRS': True,
          'OPTIONS': {
              'context_processors': [
                  'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                  'django.template.context_processors.request',
                  'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                  'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
              ],
          },
      },
  ]
  

  D.

  TEMPLATES = [
      {
          'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
          'DIRS': [],
          'APP_DIRS': True,
          'OPTIONS': {
              'context_processors': [
                  'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                  'django.template.context_processors.request',
                  'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                  'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
              ],
          },
      },
  ]
  

• 有模板hello.html如下：

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
      <head>
          <meta  charset="UTF-8">
          <meta name="viewport"  content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
          <meta  http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
          <title>Homepage</title>
      </head>
      <body>
          <h1>Welcome to  myapp.</h1>
          <p> Data is {{ list }}</p>
          <h4>List is  </h4>
          <ul>
              {% for i in list %}
              <li>{{ i  }}</li>
              {% endfor %}
          </ul>
      </body>
  </html>     
  

  请问下面哪一个view函数能够正常渲染这个模板

  A.

  "def hello_view(request):
      context = {
              ""list"" : [""one"", ""two"", ""three"", ""four"", ""five"", ""six""]
      }
      return render(""hello.html""， context )"
  

  B.

  "def hello_view(request):
      return render(request, ""hello.html"", {
          ""list"" : [""one"", ""two"", ""three"", ""four"", ""five"", ""six""]
  })"
  

  C.

  "def hello_view(request):
      context = {
              ""list"" : [""one"", ""two"", ""three"", ""four"", ""five"", ""six""]
      }
      return render(request, ""hello.html"" )"
  

  D.

  "def hello_view(request):
      ""list"" : [""one"", ""two"", ""three"", ""four"", ""five"", ""six""]
      return render(request, ""hello.html"" ,list)"
  

• 有Django项目，名为mysite，其模板配置代码如下：

  ......
  TEMPLATES = [
      {
          'BACKEND':  'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
          'DIRS':  [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'mytemplates')],
          'APP_DIRS': True,
          'OPTIONS': {
              'context_processors':  [
                  'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                  'django.template.context_processors.request',
                  'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                  'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
              ],
          },
      },
  ]
  ......     
  

  请问选项中的哪个项目路径与之相匹配？

  A.

  "mysite/
       manage.py
       mysite/
            __init__.py
            settings.py
            urls.py
            asgi.py
            wsgi.py      
       myapp/
            __init__.py
            admin.py
            apps.py
            migrations/
                 __init__.py
            models.py
            templates/
            tests.py
            views.py"
  

  B.

  "mysite/
       manage.py
       mysite/
            __init__.py
            settings.py
            urls.py
            asgi.py
            wsgi.py
       templates/ 
       myapp/
            __init__.py
            admin.py
            apps.py
            migrations/
                 __init__.py
            models.py
            tests.py
            views.py"
  

  C.

  "mysite/
       manage.py
       mysite/
            __init__.py
            settings.py
            urls.py
            asgi.py
            wsgi.py
       mytemplates/ 
       myapp/
            __init__.py
            admin.py
            apps.py
            migrations/
                 __init__.py
            models.py
            tests.py
            views.py"
  

  D.

  "mysite/
       manage.py
       mysite/
            __init__.py
            settings.py
            urls.py
            asgi.py
            wsgi.py      
       myapp/
            __init__.py
            admin.py
            apps.py
            migrations/
                 __init__.py
            models.py
            mytemplates/
            tests.py
            views.py"
  

• 要在Django项目的配置文件中添加静态文件路径设置，请问如下哪个配置片段是正确的？

  A.

  ...略...
  STATICURL = 'static/'
  STATICFILES_DIRS = (
          os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'common-static'),  # 静态文件目录位置
  )
  ...略...
  

  B.

  ...略...
  STATIC_URL = 'static/'
  STATICFILESDIRS = (
          os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'common-static'),  # 静态文件目录位置
  )
  ...略...
  

  C.

  ...略...
  STATICURL = 'static/'
  STATICFILESDIRS = (
          os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'common-static'),  # 静态文件目录位置
  )
  ...略...
  

  D.

  ...略...
  STATIC_URL = 'static/'
  STATICFILES_DIRS = (
          os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'common-static'),  # 静态文件目录位置
  )
  ...略...
  

• 如下哪个选项是没有错误的Django模板代码？

  A.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <meta name=""viewport"" content=""width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"">
      <meta http-equiv=""X-UA-Compatible"" content=""ie=edge"">
      <title>Homepage</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <h1>Welcome to myapp.</h1>
      <p> Data is {{ list }}</p>
      <h4>List is </h4>
      <ul>
          {{ for i in list }}
          <li>{{ i }}</li>
          {{ endfor }}
      </ul>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  B.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <meta name=""viewport"" content=""width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"">
      <meta http-equiv=""X-UA-Compatible"" content=""ie=edge"">
      <title>Homepage</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <h1>Welcome to myapp.</h1>
      <p> Data is {{ list }}</p>
      <h4>List is </h4>
      <ul>
          {% for i in list %}
          <li>{{ i }}</li>
          {% endfor %}
      </ul>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  C.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <meta name=""viewport"" content=""width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"">
      <meta http-equiv=""X-UA-Compatible"" content=""ie=edge"">
      <title>Homepage</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <h1>Welcome to myapp.</h1>
      <p> Data is <% list %></p>
      <h4>List is </h4>
      <ul>
          <% for i in list %>
          <li><% i %></li>
          <% endfor %>
      </ul>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  D.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <meta name=""viewport"" content=""width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"">
      <meta http-equiv=""X-UA-Compatible"" content=""ie=edge"">
      <title>Homepage</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <h1>Welcome to myapp.</h1>
      <p> Data is {% list %}</p>
      <h4>List is </h4>
      <ul>
          {% for i in list %}
          <li>{% i %}</li>
          {% endfor %}
      </ul>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

• 阅读选项中模板代码，请选出能够在页面上实现表格行间隔显示不同背景色效果的选项。

  A.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>Title</title>
      <style type=""text/css"">
      .row-odd {
          background-color: #f2f2f2;
          }
      .row-even {
          background-color: #fde9d9;
          }
      </style>
  </head>
  <body>
          <table border=""1"">
              <thead>
              <tr>
                  <th>序号</th>
                  <th>艺术家</th>
              </tr>
              </thead>
          {% for artist in musicians_list %}
              <tr class=""{% cycle 'row-odd' 'row-even' %}"">
                  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
               <td>{{ artist }}</td>
              </tr>
          {% endfor %}
          </table>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  B.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>Title</title>
      <style type=""text/css"">
      .row-odd {
          background-color: #f2f2f2;
          }
      .row-even {
          background-color: #fde9d9;
          }
      </style>
  </head>
  <body>
          <table border=""1"">
              <thead>
              <tr>
                  <th>序号</th>
                  <th>艺术家</th>
              </tr>
              </thead>
          {% for artist in musicians_list %}
              <tr class=""{% 'row-odd' 'row-even' %}"">
                  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
               <td>{{ artist }}</td>
              </tr>
          {% endfor %}
          </table>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  C.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>Title</title>
      <style type=""text/css"">
      .row-odd {
          background-color: #f2f2f2;
          }
      .row-even {
          background-color: #fde9d9;
          }
      </style>
  </head>
  <body>
          <table border=""1"">
              <thead>
              <tr>
                  <th>序号</th>
                  <th>艺术家</th>
              </tr>
              </thead>
          {% for artist in musicians_list %}
              <tr  class=""{% ['row-odd' ,'row-even'] %}>
                  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
               <td>{{ artist }}</td>
              </tr>
          {% endfor %}
          </table>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

  D.

  "<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang=""en"">
  <head>
      <meta charset=""UTF-8"">
      <title>Title</title>
      <style type=""text/css"">
      .row-odd {
          background-color: #f2f2f2;
          }
      .row-even {
          background-color: #fde9d9;
          }
      </style>
  </head>
  <body>
          <table border=""1"">
              <thead>
              <tr>
                  <th>序号</th>
                  <th>艺术家</th>
              </tr>
              </thead>
          {% for artist in musicians_list %}
              <tr class=""row-odd  row-even"">
                  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
               <td>{{ artist }}</td>
              </tr>
          {% endfor %}
          </table>
  </body>
  </html>"
  

• 有Django项目名称为mysite，应用为myapp，其有如下模型定义代码：

  class Publisher(models.Model):
      name =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      address =  models.CharField(max_length=50)
      city =  models.CharField(max_length=60)
      state_province =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      country = models.CharField(max_length=50)
      website = models.URLField()
  class Author(models.Model):
      first_name =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      last_name =  models.CharField(max_length=40)
  class Book(models.Model):
      title =  models.CharField(max_length=100)
      authors =  models.ManyToManyField(Author)
      publisher =  models.ForeignKey(Publisher, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
      publication_date =  models.DateField()
      num_pages =  models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True)          
  

  请选择上述模型间关系描述正确的选项？

  A. Book与Author是多对多关系，Book与Publisher是一对多关系，Author与Publisher是隐含关联关系

  B. Book与Author是多对多关系，Book与Publisher是一对多关系，Author与Publisher间无关联关系

  C. Book与Author是一对多关系，Book与Publisher是多对多关系，Author与Publisher间无关联关系

  D. 以上都不对

• 有Django项目名称为mysite，应用为myapp，其有如下模型定义代码：

  class Publisher(models.Model):
      name =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      address =  models.CharField(max_length=50)
      city =  models.CharField(max_length=60)
      state_province =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      country = models.CharField(max_length=50)
      website = models.URLField()
  

  以下哪个操作可以完成Publisher数据的添加？

  A.

  pub_dz = Publisher.create(name='电子工业出版社',address='万寿路南口金家村288号',city='北京', state_province='北京',country='中国',website='https://www.phei.com.cn/')
  

  B.

  pub_dz = Publisher(name='电子工业出版社',address='万寿路南口金家村288号',city='北京', state_province='北京',country='中国',website='https://www.phei.com.cn/')
  

  C.

  "pub_dz = Publisher(name='电子工业出版社',address='万寿路南口金家村288号',city='北京', state_province='北京',country='中国',website='https://www.phei.com.cn/')
  pub_dz.save()"
  

  D.

  "pub_dz = Publisher(name='电子工业出版社',address='万寿路南口金家村288号',city='北京', state_province='北京',country='中国',website='https://www.phei.com.cn/')
  pub_dz.objects.save()"
  

• 有Django项目名称为mysite，应用为myapp，其有如下模型定义代码：

  class Publisher(models.Model):
      name =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      address =  models.CharField(max_length=50)
      city =  models.CharField(max_length=60)
      state_province =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      country = models.CharField(max_length=50)
      website = models.URLField()     
  

  以下哪个选项可以实现不区分大小写查询名称中包含“Reilly”的出版商？

  A.

  Publisher.filter(name__contains="Reilly") 
  

  B.

  Publisher.filter(name__icontains="Reilly")
  

  C.

  Publisher.objects.filter(name__contains="Reilly") 
  

  D.

  Publisher.objects.filter(name__icontains="Reilly")
  

• 有Django项目名称为mysite，应用为myapp，其有如下模型定义代码：

  class Publisher(models.Model):
      name =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      address =  models.CharField(max_length=50)
      city =  models.CharField(max_length=60)
      state_province =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      country = models.CharField(max_length=50)
      website = models.URLField()
  class Author(models.Model):
      first_name =  models.CharField(max_length=30)
      last_name =  models.CharField(max_length=40)
  class Book(models.Model):
      title =  models.CharField(max_length=100)
      authors =  models.ManyToManyField(Author)
      publisher =  models.ForeignKey(Publisher, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
      publication_date =  models.DateField()
      num_pages =  models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True)     
  

  以下选项哪一个是包含错误操作语句的选项。

  A.

  Publisher.objects.get(name is None)
  

  B.

  Publisher.objects.get(name="O'Reilly")
  

  C.

  pub_list = Publisher.objects.filter(country='中国')
  books = Book.objects.filter(publisher__in=pub_list)
  

  D.

  Book.objects.filter(id__in = [2,4,6])
  
  

• 有表单如下：

  <form method="POST" action="{% url 'login' %}"  >
  {% csrf_token %}
  <label  >用户名</label>
  <input type="text" name="user"  placeholder="请输入用户名" >
  <label  >密码：</label>
  <input  type="password" name="pwd"  placeholder="************">
  </form>     
  

  请问下面那个代码片段能正常接收表单数据并完成用户登录检查？

  A.

  if request.method == ""POST"":
      username = request.POST.get('user')
      pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
      try:
          user = User.objects.get(name=username)
          if check_password(pwd, user.psw):
              request.session[user.uid] = username
              request.session['is_login'] = user.uid
              return redirect('index')
          else:
              return render(request, 'login.html')
          except MultipleObjectsReturned:
              return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户重复', ]})
          except ObjectDoesNotExist:
              return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户不存在', ]})
  

  B.

  if request.method == ""GET"":
      username = request.GET.get('user')
      pwd = request.GET.get('pwd')
      try:
          user = User.objects.get(name=username)
          if check_password(pwd, user.psw):
              request.session[user.uid] = username
              request.session['is_login'] = user.uid
              return redirect('index')
          else:
              return render(request, 'login.html')
          except MultipleObjectsReturned:
              return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户重复', ]})
          except ObjectDoesNotExist:
              return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户不存在', ]})
  

  C.

  if request.method == ""POST"":
      username = request.POST.get('username')
      pwd = request.POST.get('password')
      try:
          user = User.objects.get(name=username)
          if check_password(pwd, user.psw):
              request.session[user.uid] = username
              request.session['is_login'] = user.uid
              return redirect('index')
          else:
              return render(request, 'login.html')
          except MultipleObjectsReturned:
              return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户重复', ]})
          except ObjectDoesNotExist:
              return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户不存在', ]})
  

  D.

  if request.method == ""POST"":
      username = request.POST.get('user')
      pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
      print(request.POST)
      try:
          user = User.objects.get(name=username)
      except MultipleObjectsReturned:
          return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户重复', ]})
      except ObjectDoesNotExist:
          return render(request, 'icoder/login.html', {'messages': ['用户不存在', ]})
  

• 有模板代码如下：

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
      <head>
          <meta  charset="UTF-8">
          <title>学生信息</title>
      </head>
      <body>
          <form method="POST"  action="/stu/">
              {% csrf_token %}
              <div >
                  <br>
                  <div>
                      <div>
                          <h3>输入学生信息</h3>
                      </div>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                      {{ form.as_p }}
                  </div>
                  <hr>
                  <div>
                      <div>
                          <button  type="reset" >重置</button>
                          <button  type="submit" >提交</button>
                      </div>
                  </div>
              </div>
          </form>
      </body>
  </html> 
  

  url路由配置如下：

  urlpatterns = [
      path('stu/', views.stu),
  ]  
  

  如下哪个选项中的view函数定义可以完成学生数据的接收与保存操作？

  A.

  def stu(request):
      if request.method == ""GET"":
          form = StudentForm(request.GET)
          if form.is_valid():
              try:
                  request.save()
                  return HttpResponse('接收到提交的数据,保存成功！')
              except:
                  return HttpResponse('数据库操作异常,保存数据失败')
      else:
          form = StudentForm()
  
      return render(request, 'index.html', {'form': form})
  

  B.

  def stu(request):
      if request.method == ""GET"":
          form = StudentForm(request.GET)
          if form.is_valid():
              try:
                  form.save()
                  return HttpResponse('接收到提交的数据,保存成功！')
              except:
                  return HttpResponse('数据库操作异常,保存数据失败')
      else:
          form = StudentForm()
  
      return render(request, 'index.html', {'form': form})
  

  C.

  def stu(request):
      if request.method == ""POST"":
          form = StudentForm(request.POST)
          if form.is_valid():
              try:
                  form.save()
                  return HttpResponse('接收到提交的数据,保存成功！')
              except:
                  return HttpResponse('数据库操作异常,保存数据失败')
      else:
          form = StudentForm()
  
      return render(request, 'index.html', {'form': form})
  

  D.

  def stu(request):
      if request.method == ""POST"":
          form = StudentForm(request.POST)
          if form.is_valid():
              try:
                  request.save()
                  return HttpResponse('接收到提交的数据,保存成功！')
              except:
                  return HttpResponse('数据库操作异常,保存数据失败')
      else:
          form = StudentForm()
  
      return render(request, 'index.html', {'form': form})
  

• 有Django项目，model定义如下：

  class Student(models.Model):
      stu_id =  models.CharField(max_length=20) #  学号
      stu_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) # 姓名
      stu_gender =  models.CharField(max_length=2) #  性别
      stu_birthdate =  models.DateField() # 出生日期
      stu_class =  models.CharField(max_length=10) # 班级
      stu_contact =  models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)   # 联系电话
      stu_email =  models.EmailField(blank=True) # 电子邮箱     
  

  与之绑定的ModelForm定义是如下哪一个？

  A.

  from django import forms
  from .models import Student
  class StudentForm(models.Model):
      class Meta:
          model = Student   
          fields = '__all__'  
  

  B.

  from django import forms
  from .models import Student
  class StudentForm():
      class Meta:
          model = Student   
          fields = '__all__'  
  

  C.

  from django import forms
  from .models import Student
  class StudentForm(forms.Form):
      class Meta:
          model = Student   
          fields = '__all__'  
  

  D.

  from django import forms
  from .models import Student
  class StudentForm(forms.ModelForm):
      class Meta:
          model = Student   
          fields = '__all__'  
  

• In Django, to include another URL pattern you should always use ____ when you include other URL patterns, except for admin.site.urls.

  Answer: include()

• In the Django template system, forloop.counter is an example of a valid attribute used in a ____ loop.

  Answer: for

• To avoid template loading conflicts in Django, it is recommended to add an additional ____ to act as a namespace inside each templates directory.

  Answer: sub-folder

• The command to start a Django development server is __.

  Answer: python manage.py runserver

• In Django, to reference other URLconfs, the __ function is used.

  Answer: include

• To bring all the objects stored in a Django model named Post, you would use the method __.

  Answer: Post.objects.all()

• Django uses the __ command to create migrations based on changes to models.

  Answer: makemigrations

• In Django, to save an object to the database, the __ method is called on the object.

  Answer: save()

• Django’s __ method is used to filter querysets based on given parameters, translating them into SQL WHERE clauses.

  Answer: filter()

• In Django, the views.py file contains functions that handle the __ logic of the application.

  Answer: business

• The django.db.models.Model is a base class for defining __ in Django, which are used to interact with the database.

  Answer: models

• The command python manage.py runserver is used to start the Django development server.

  Answer: True

• You should always use include() when you include other URL patterns in Django.

  Answer: True

• In Django, models.py is where we define our database models which Django automatically translates into database tables.

  Answer: True

• The admin.py file in a Django app is used for configuring the app itself.

  Answer: False (It is used for configuring the built-in Django Admin app)

• The __init__.py file in a Django application is required for Python to recognize the directory as a package.

  Answer: True

• In Django, the include() function should always be used when including other URL patterns except for admin.site.urls.

  Answer: True

• The CharField in Django is used to store large text data.

  Answer: False

• The INSTALLED_APPS setting in Django’s settings file tells Django which apps are activated for a given project.

  Answer: True

• In Django, the INSTALLED_APPS setting in settings.py is used to register the applications that are enabled in the project.

  Answer: True

• The makemigrations command in Django is used to apply migrations and sync the database with the models.

  Answer: False

  (The makemigrations command creates new migrations based on the changes detected to your models; migrate is used to apply those migrations)

• Django middleware classes must subclass a specific Django middleware base class.

  Answer: False

• The process_response method in Django middleware is executed in the top-down order of the middleware stack.

  Answer: False

• In Django, the SessionMiddleware is responsible for generating unique session IDs.

  Answer: True
  —— writing by Pan Qifan(潘琦藩) ——