6.6、HttpServletResponse
Web服务器接收到客户端的http请求,针对这个请求,分别创建一个代表请求的HttpServletRequest对象,代表响应的一个HttpServletResponse
- 如果要获取客户端请求过来的参数,找HttpServletRequest
- 如果要给客户端响应一些信息,找HttpServletResponse
1、简单分类
负责向浏览器发送数据的方法
public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException;
public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException;
负责向浏览器发送响应头的方法
public void setCharacterEncoding(String charset);
public void setContentLength(int len);
public void setContentLengthLong(long len);
public void setContentType(String type);
public void setDateHeader(String name, long date);
public void addDateHeader(String name, long date);
public void setHeader(String name, String value);
public void addHeader(String name, String value);
public void setIntHeader(String name, int value);
public void addIntHeader(String name, int value);
响应的状态码
int SC_CONTINUE = 100;
int SC_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101;
int SC_OK = 200;
int SC_CREATED = 201;
int SC_ACCEPTED = 202;
int SC_NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203;
int SC_NO_CONTENT = 204;
int SC_RESET_CONTENT = 205;
int SC_PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206;
int SC_MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300;
int SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301;
int SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY = 302;
int SC_FOUND = 302;
int SC_SEE_OTHER = 303;
int SC_NOT_MODIFIED = 304;
int SC_USE_PROXY = 305;
int SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307;
int SC_BAD_REQUEST = 400;
int SC_UNAUTHORIZED = 401;
int SC_PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402;
int SC_FORBIDDEN = 403;
int SC_NOT_FOUND = 404;
int SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405;
int SC_NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406;
int SC_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407;
int SC_REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408;
int SC_CONFLICT = 409;
int SC_GONE = 410;
int SC_LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411;
int SC_PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412;
int SC_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413;
int SC_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414;
int SC_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415;
int SC_REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416;
int SC_EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417;
int SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500;
int SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501;
int SC_BAD_GATEWAY = 502;
int SC_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503;
int SC_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504;
int SC_HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505;
2、常见应用
1.向浏览器输出消息(一直在讲,就不赘述了)
2.下载文件
1.要获取下载文件的路径
2.下载的文件名是啥
3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持下载我们需要的东西
4.获取下载文件的输入流
5.创建缓冲区
6.获取OutputStream对象
7.将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区
8.使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端
代码show
FileServlet.java
package com.gongyi.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.要获取下载文件的路径
String realPath = "D:\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\javaweb-study\\response-01\\target\\response-01-1.0-SNAPSHOT\\WEB-INF\\classes\\工一.png";//绝对路径,相对路径,使用"/1.png"找不到
System.out.println("下载文件的路径为 :"+realPath);
//2.下载的文件名是啥
String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
//3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持下载我们需要的东西,中文文件名UrlEncoder.encode编码,否则有可能乱码
resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
//4.获取下载文件的输入流
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
//5.创建缓冲区
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
//6.获取OutputStream对象
ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
//7.将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区 8.使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端
while ((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0"
metadata-complete="true">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>downFile</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>downFile</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/downFile</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
6.7、HttpServletRequest
彩蛋
1.新建maven web后一直running
2.idea 右侧的maven显示灰色
3.下载文件遇到的问题
1)文件路径问题
resources下无图片文件(1.png)
把路径改为绝对路径即可
2)中文乱码问题
resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8"));
3)无法访问问题
请求
http://localhost:8080/response_01_war/downFile
返回
无法访问此网站网址为 http://localhost:8080/response_01_war/downFile 的网页可能暂时无法连接,或者它已永久性地移动到了新网址。
ERR_INVALID_RESPONSE
把路径改为绝对路径即可
String realPath = "D:\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\javaweb-study\\response-01\\target\\response-01-1.0-SNAPSHOT\\WEB-INF\\classes\\工一.png";//绝对路径,相对路径