javaweb-12：Response下载文件

6.6、HttpServletResponse

Web服务器接收到客户端的http请求，针对这个请求，分别创建一个代表请求的HttpServletRequest对象，代表响应的一个HttpServletResponse

• 如果要获取客户端请求过来的参数，找HttpServletRequest
• 如果要给客户端响应一些信息，找HttpServletResponse

1、简单分类

负责向浏览器发送数据的方法

public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException;
public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException;

负责向浏览器发送响应头的方法

public void setCharacterEncoding(String charset);
public void setContentLength(int len);
public void setContentLengthLong(long len);
public void setContentType(String type);

public void setDateHeader(String name, long date);
public void addDateHeader(String name, long date);
public void setHeader(String name, String value);
public void addHeader(String name, String value);
public void setIntHeader(String name, int value);
public void addIntHeader(String name, int value);

响应的状态码

int SC_CONTINUE = 100;
int SC_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101;
int SC_OK = 200;
int SC_CREATED = 201;
int SC_ACCEPTED = 202;
int SC_NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203;
int SC_NO_CONTENT = 204;
int SC_RESET_CONTENT = 205;
int SC_PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206;
int SC_MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300;
int SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301;
int SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY = 302;
int SC_FOUND = 302;
int SC_SEE_OTHER = 303;
int SC_NOT_MODIFIED = 304;
int SC_USE_PROXY = 305;
int SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307;
int SC_BAD_REQUEST = 400;
int SC_UNAUTHORIZED = 401;
int SC_PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402;
int SC_FORBIDDEN = 403;
int SC_NOT_FOUND = 404;
int SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405;
int SC_NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406;
int SC_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407;
int SC_REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408;
int SC_CONFLICT = 409;
int SC_GONE = 410;
int SC_LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411;
int SC_PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412;
int SC_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413;
int SC_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414;
int SC_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415;
int SC_REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416;
int SC_EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417;
int SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500;
int SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501;
int SC_BAD_GATEWAY = 502;
int SC_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503;
int SC_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504;
int SC_HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505;

2、常见应用

1.向浏览器输出消息（一直在讲，就不赘述了）

2.下载文件

​ 1.要获取下载文件的路径

​ 2.下载的文件名是啥

​ 3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持下载我们需要的东西

​ 4.获取下载文件的输入流

​ 5.创建缓冲区

​ 6.获取OutputStream对象

​ 7.将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区

​ 8.使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端

代码show

FileServlet.java

package com.gongyi.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.要获取下载文件的路径
        String realPath = "D:\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\javaweb-study\\response-01\\target\\response-01-1.0-SNAPSHOT\\WEB-INF\\classes\\工一.png";//绝对路径，相对路径,使用"/1.png"找不到
        System.out.println("下载文件的路径为 ："+realPath);
        //2.下载的文件名是啥
        String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
        //3.设置想办法让浏览器能够支持下载我们需要的东西,中文文件名UrlEncoder.encode编码，否则有可能乱码
        resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
        //4.获取下载文件的输入流
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        //5.创建缓冲区
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        //6.获取OutputStream对象
        ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
        //7.将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区 8.使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端
        while ((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
            out.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
        in.close();
        out.close();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>downFile</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>downFile</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/downFile</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

6.7、HttpServletRequest

彩蛋

1.新建maven web后一直running

参考

2.idea 右侧的maven显示灰色

参考

3.下载文件遇到的问题

1）文件路径问题

resources下无图片文件（1.png）

把路径改为绝对路径即可

2）中文乱码问题

resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8"));

3）无法访问问题

请求

http://localhost:8080/response_01_war/downFile

返回

无法访问此网站网址为 http://localhost:8080/response_01_war/downFile 的网页可能暂时无法连接，或者它已永久性地移动到了新网址。
ERR_INVALID_RESPONSE

把路径改为绝对路径即可

String realPath = "D:\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\javaweb-study\\response-01\\target\\response-01-1.0-SNAPSHOT\\WEB-INF\\classes\\工一.png";//绝对路径，相对路径