具体解法关键的就两句话
每个置换的核染色方案数相加/置换数=总染色方案数
每个置换的核染色方案数=缩环后的染色方案数
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
int f[31][31][31];
int cg[71];
bool flag[71];
int sum[71],id[71],st[71];
int dfs(int x)
{
if (flag[x]) return 0;
flag[x]=true;
return dfs(cg[x])+1;
}
int r,b,g,m,p,n,P;
int main()
{
freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
long long ans=0;
scanf("%d%d%d%d%d",&r,&b,&g,&m,&P);
n=r+b+g;
m++;
for (int i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
if (i==m) for (int j=1;j<=n;j++) cg[j]=j;
else for (int j=1;j<=n;j++) scanf("%d",&cg[j]);
memset(st,0,sizeof(st));
memset(id,0,sizeof(id));
memset(sum,0,sizeof(sum));
memset(f,0,sizeof(f));
memset(flag,0,sizeof(flag));
for (int j=1;j<=n;j++)
if (!flag[j])
st[++st[0]]=dfs(j);
for (int j=1;j<=st[0];j++)
{
sum[j]=sum[j-1]+st[i];
id[sum[j]]=j;
}
f[0][0][0]=1;
int p;
for (int rr=0;rr<=r;rr++)
for (int bb=0;bb<=b;bb++)
for (int gg=0;gg<=g;gg++)
if (p=id[rr+bb+gg])
{
if (rr>=st[p]) f[rr][bb][gg]=(f[rr][bb][gg]+f[rr-st[p]][bb][gg])%P;
if (bb>=st[p]) f[rr][bb][gg]=(f[rr][bb][gg]+f[rr][bb-st[p]][gg])%P;
if (gg>=st[p]) f[rr][bb][gg]=(f[rr][bb][gg]+f[rr][bb][gg-st[p]])%P;
}
ans=(ans+f[r][b][g])%P;
}
int now=1;
for (int i=P-2;i;i=i>>1)
{
if (i&1) now=((long long)now*m)%P;
m=((long long)m*m)%P;
}
printf("%lld",(ans*now)%P);
return 0;
}