scrapy 爬取链家网信息，可改进全站进阶分布式

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最新推荐文章于 2023-10-29 19:32:02 发布

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分类专栏： Python的爬虫使用案例 Python的常见库使用 python爬虫scrapy的使用一只网络上的虫（爬虫实例）

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Programmer_huangtao/article/details/84845620

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Python的常见库使用同时被 3 个专栏收录

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Python的爬虫使用案例

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一只网络上的虫（爬虫实例）

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start_urls = ['https://bj.lianjia.com/ershoufang/pg{}/'.format(i) for i in range(1, 3)]，这个网站url可以放置列表，所以这里面可以放循环遍历的url，range(1,3),例子上只找2页数据，多个数据也行，看你们的情况，还有就是爬取的过多可能封ip，所以代理ip是不可避免的。

代码链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1REdbtZBCirpZlGqU5FAD1A
提取码：ib83
微信扫描版，

代码里面没有需要的包，需要自己单独引入，里面没有相应的三方库文件。（博客上所有的代码）

spiders.py

import scrapy


class LianjiaSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'lianjia'
    allowed_domains = ['lianjia.com']
    start_urls = ['https://bj.lianjia.com/ershoufang/pg{}/'.format(i) for i in range(1, 3)]

    def parse(self, response):
        urls = response.xpath('//div[@class="info clear"]/div[@class="title"]/a/@href').extract()
        for url in urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(url, callback=self.parse_index)

    def parse_index(self, response):
        jia_ge = response.xpath('concat(//span[@class ="total"]/text(),//span[@class="unit"]/span/text())').extract_first()
        jun_jia = response.xpath('//span[@class="unitPriceValue"]/text()').extract_first()+'元/每平方'
        xiao_qu = response.xpath('//div[@class="communityName"]/a[1]/text()').extract_first()
        address = response.xpath('string(//div[@class="areaName"]/span[@class="info"])').extract_first()
        hu_xing = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul[1]/li[1]/text()').extract_first()
        lou_ceng = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[2]/text()').extract_first()
        jianzhu_mianji = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[3]/text()').extract_first()
        huxing_jiegou = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[4]/text()').extract_first()
        taonei_mianji = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[5]/text()').extract_first()
        jianzhu_leixing = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[6]/text()').extract_first()
        fangwu_chaoxiang = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[7]/text()').extract_first()
        jianzhu_jiegou = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[8]/text()').extract_first()
        zhuangxiu_qingkuang = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[9]/text()').extract_first()
        tihu_bili = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[10]/text()').extract_first()
        gongnuan_fangshi = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[11]/text()').extract_first()
        peibei_dianti = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[12]/text()').extract_first()
        chanquan_nianxian = response.xpath('//div[@class="base"]//ul/li[13]/text()').extract_first()
        guapai_shijian = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[1]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()
        jiaoyi_quanshu = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[2]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()
        shangci_jiaoyi = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[3]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()
        fangwu_yongtu = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[4]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()
        fangwu_nianxian = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[5]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()
        chanquan_suoshu = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[6]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()
        diya_xinxi = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[7]/span[2]/text()').extract_first().strip()
        fangben_beijian = response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/ul/li[8]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()

        yield  {
        "价格":jia_ge,
        "均价":jun_jia,
        "小区":xiao_qu,
        "地址":address,
        "户型":hu_xing,
        "楼层":lou_ceng,
        "建筑面积":jianzhu_mianji,
        "户型结构":huxing_jiegou,
        "套内面积":taonei_mianji,
        "建筑类型":jianzhu_leixing,
        "房屋朝向":fangwu_chaoxiang,
        "建筑结构":jianzhu_jiegou,
        "装修情况":zhuangxiu_qingkuang,
        "梯户比例":tihu_bili,
        "供暖方式":gongnuan_fangshi,
        "配备电梯":peibei_dianti,
        "产权年限":chanquan_nianxian,
        "挂牌时间":guapai_shijian,
        "交易权属":jiaoyi_quanshu,
        "上次交易":shangci_jiaoyi,
        "房屋用途":fangwu_yongtu,
        "房屋年限":fangwu_nianxian,
        "产权所属":chanquan_suoshu,
        "抵押信息":diya_xinxi,
        "房本备件":fangben_beijian,
        }

pipelines.py ---》放到MongoDB二选一

import pymongo
class MongoPipeline(object):
    def open_spider(self,spider):
        self.client = pymongo.MongoClient()
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        self.client.room.lianjia.insert(item)
        return item
    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.client.close()

pipelines.py---》放到MySQL二选一，注意MySQL连接里面的东西，像host,port,user,password,db,charset

from pymysql import connect
class MySQLPipeline(object):
    def open_spider(self, spider):
        self.client = connect(host="localhost",port=3306,user='root',password='123456',db='room',charset='utf8')
        self.cursor = self.client.cursor()
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        args = [
            item["jia_ge"],
            item["jun_jia"],
            item["xiao_qu"],
            item["address"],
            item["hu_xing"],
            item["lou_ceng"],
            item["jianzhu_mianji"],
            item["huxing_jiegou"],
            item["taonei_mianji"],
            item["jianzhu_liexing"],
            item["fangwu_chaoxiang"],
            item["jianzhu_jiegou"],
            item["zhuangxiu_qingkuang"],
            item["tihu_bili"],
            item["gongnuan_fangshi"],
            item["peibei_dianti"],
            item["chanquan_nianxian"],
            item["guapai_shijian"],
            item["jiaoyi_quanshu"],
            item["shangci_jiaoyi"],
            item["fangwu_yongtu"],
            item["fangwu_nianxian"],
            item["chanquan_suoshu"],
            item["diya_xinxi"],
            item["fangben_beijian"]
        ]
        sql = 'insert into lianjia VALUES (0,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
        self.cursor.execute(sql,args)
        self.client.commit()
        return item

    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.cursor.close()
        self.client.close()

middleware.py,我构造了一个随机请求头基本的防封手段。

from scrapy import signals
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
class UserAgentMiddleware(object):
    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        request.headers.setdefault(b'User-Agent', UserAgent().random)

settings.py,里面的设置

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


BOT_NAME = 'room'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['room.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'room.spiders'


ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False


DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
   'room.middlewares.UserAgentMiddleware': 120,
}

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'room.pipelines.MongoPipeline': 300,
   # 'room.pipelines.MySQLPipeline': 300,
}