字符串

一、字符串

通俗的说以单引号或者双引号引起来的任意文本都是字符串 如：'abc' "def" "123"

1. #创建字符串

2. str1 = "TA is a good man!"

3.  

4. #字符串连接

5. str2 = "TA is a "

6. str3 = "good man"

7. str4 = str2 + str3

8. print("str2 = ",str2)

9. print("str3 = ",str3)

10. print("str4 =",str4)

11. #输出重复字符串

12. str5 = "good "

13. str6 = str5*3

14. print("str6 = ",str6)

15. #访问字符串中的某一个字符

16. #通过索引下标查找字符，索引从0开始

17. #格式:字符串名[下标]

18. str7 = "sunck is a handsome man!"

19. print("str7[1] =",str7[1])

1. str6 = sunck is a

2. str7 = good man

3. str8 = sunck is a good man

4. str6 = good good good

5. str7[1] = u

1. str8 = "TA is a good man!"

2. #从给定下标出开始截取到给定下标之前

3. str9 = str8[6:15]

4. #从头截取到给定下标之前（从开始截取或者截取到最后一个下标处，开头的0和末尾的下标可不写）

5. str10 = str8[0:5]

6. #从给定下标处开始截取到结尾

7. str11 = str8[16:]

8. print("str9 = ",str9)

9. print("str10 = ",str10)

10. print("str11 = ",str11)

1.  

2. str9 =  is a good

3. str10 =  TA

4. str11 =  man!

1.  

2. #一个单词是否在字符串中,在字符串中返回True,不在字符串中返回False

3. str12 = "TA is a good man!"

4. print("good"in str12)

5. print("good"not in str12)

1. True

2. False

 

1. #len(str)

2. #返回字符串的长度(字符个数)

3. print(len("TA is a good man"))

4.  

5. #lower(str)转换字符串中的大写字母为小写字母

6. str13 = "TA is a Good Man"

7. str14 = str13.lower()

8. print("str14 =",str14)

9. print("str13 =%s"%(str13))

10.  

11. #upper()转换字符串中的小写字母为大写字母

12. str15 = "TA is A Good Man"

13. print(str15.upper())

14.  

15. #swapcase()大写变小写，小写变大写

16. str16 = "TA iS A Good Man"

17. print(str16.swapcase())

18. #capitalize()首字母大写，其余小写

19. str17 = "Sunck is A Good Man"

20. print(str17.capitalize())

21.  

22. #每个单词的首字母大写

23. str18 = "Sunck is A Good Man"

24. print("str18 =",str18.title())

1. 16

2. str14 = ta is a good man

3. str13 =TA is a Good Man

4. TA IS A GOOD MAN

5. ta Is a gOOD mAN

6. Ta is a good man

7. str18 = Ta Is A Good Man

1. num = 10

2. str19 = "TA is a good man!"

3. f = 1.02345

4. f = 10.1234

5. print("num =",num)

6. print("num =%d,str19 = %s,f = %f,f = %.3f"%(num,str19,f,f))

[python] view plain copy

 

1. <code class="language-python">num = 10  
2. num =10,str19 = TA is a good man!,f = 10.123400,f = 10.123</code>  

1.  

2. #%d占位符,小数是%f占位，默认小数点后六位,%.3f表示精确到小数点后3位且会四舍五入

3. print("num =%d\nstr19 = %s\nf = %f\nf = %.3f"%(num,str19,f,f))

4. #\n转义字符换行，且只表示一个字符

1. num =10

2. str19 = TA is a good man!

3. f = 10.123400

4. f = 10.123

1. #将一些字符转成有特殊含义的字符

2. # \n 换行 （\ 转义字符）

3. #\\n 前一个\把后面得\n转义成普通字符，所以在这里前一个\才是转义字符

4. print("TA \n is\ a \good\ man!")

5. print("TA \\n is\ a \good\ man!")

1. TA

2. is\ a \good\ man!

3. TA \n is\ a \good\ man!

1. #\'' "" 转义单引号 双引号

2. print('Tom is a \'good\'man')

3. print('Tom is a \"good\"man')

1. Tom is a 'good'man

2. Tom is a "good"man

 

1. #如果字符串内有很多换行，写在一行不好阅读,用\n换行或者用第二种写法

2. print("TA\nis\na\ngood\nman")

3. print('''TA is a good man!

4. TA is a nice man!

5. TA is a handsome man!

6. ''')

1. TA

2. is

3. a

4. good

5. man

6. TA is a good man!

7. TA is a nice man!

8. TA is a handsome man!

 

1. #\t 制表符 代表四个空格

2. print("TA\tgood")

3. #如果字符中有很多字符串都需要转义，就需要加入好多\，为了简化，python允许用r表示内部的字符串默认不转义

4. print(r"\\\t\\")

1. TA good

2. \\\t\\