Android Service启动（一） startService()启动过程以及原理解析

       Service分为两种工作状态，启动状态和绑定状态,通过调用startService()可进入启动状态，通过bindService()可进入绑定状态，本篇文章主要讲解startService()启动Service的过程。（额，android的版本还是26）

      我们平时通过startService()启动一个Service的时候，最终都是调用的ContextWrapper的startService()，我们来看下这个方法

@Override
public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
    return mBase.startService(service);
}

上述方法中调用了mBase对象的startService()方法，mBase的类型是Context，Context的实现类是ContextImpl，我们来看下ContextImpl的startService()方法

@Override
public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
    warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
    return startServiceCommon(service, false, mUser);
}

 

private ComponentName startServiceCommon(Intent service, boolean requireForeground,
        UserHandle user) {
    try {

        ......

        //调用了ActivityManagerService的startService()方法
        ComponentName cn = ActivityManager.getService().startService(
            mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), service, 
            service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(
            getContentResolver()), requireForeground,
            getOpPackageName(), user.getIdentifier());

            ......

            return cn;
    } catch (RemoteException e) {
        throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
    }
}

我们可以看到在ContextImpl的startService()方法中，调用了startServiceCommon()方法，在startServiceCommon()中，通过ActivityManager.getService()获取到ActivityManagerService的对象，然后调用了ActivityManagerService的startService()方法

@Override
public ComponentName startService(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service,
 String resolvedType, boolean requireForeground, String callingPackage, int userId)
            throws TransactionTooLargeException {
        
    ......

    synchronized(this) {
           
        ......

        ComponentName res;
        try {
            res = mServices.startServiceLocked(caller, service,
                    resolvedType, callingPid, callingUid,
                    requireForeground, callingPackage, userId);
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
        }
        return res;
    }
}

在上述方法中，通过mServices对象调用了startServiceLocked()方法，mServices是ActiveServices类的对象，可以看做是辅助ActivityManagerServices来管理Service的类，我们来看下它的startServiceLocked()方法

ComponentName startServiceLocked(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service, String resolvedType,int callingPid, int callingUid, boolean fgRequired, String callingPackage, final int userId)throws TransactionTooLargeException {

    ......
        
    ComponentName cmp = startServiceInnerLocked(smap, service, r, callerFg, addToStarting);
    return cmp;
}

在该方法的最后，调用了startServiceInnerLocked()方法

ComponentName startServiceInnerLocked(ServiceMap smap, Intent service, ServiceRecord r, boolean callerFg, boolean addToStarting)
        throws TransactionTooLargeException {
        
    ......

    String error = bringUpServiceLocked(r, service.getFlags(), callerFg, false, false);
       
    ......

    return r.name;
}

调用了bringUpServiceLocked()方法，该方法也是启动Service过程中比较重要的一个方法

private String bringUpServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r, int intentFlags, boolean execInFg,boolean whileRestarting, boolean permissionsReviewR