来自:http://www.surdeanu.info/mihai/teaching/ista555-fall13/readings/PennTreebankConstituents.html#Function
从句级别的符号说明:(5个)
- S - simple declarative clause, i.e. one that is not introduced by a (possible empty) subordinating conjunction or a wh-word and that does not exhibit subject-verb inversion.
- SBAR - Clause introduced by a (possibly empty) subordinating conjunction.
- SBARQ - Direct question introduced by a wh-word or a wh-phrase. Indirect questions and relative clauses should be bracketed as SBAR, not SBARQ.
- SINV - Inverted declarative sentence, i.e. one in which the subject follows the tensed verb or modal.
- SQ - Inverted yes/no question, or main clause of a wh-question, following the wh-phrase in SBARQ.
短语级别的符号说明:(21个)
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ADJP - Adjective Phrase.
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ADVP - Adverb Phrase.
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CONJP - Conjunction Phrase.
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FRAG - Fragment.
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INTJ - Interjection. Corresponds approximately to the part-of-speech tag UH.
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LST - List marker. Includes surrounding punctuation.
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NAC - Not a Constituent; used to show the scope of certain prenominal modifiers within an NP.
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NP - Noun Phrase.
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NX - Used within certain complex NPs to mark the head of the NP. Corresponds very roughly to N-bar level but used quite differently.
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PP - Prepositional Phrase.
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PRN - Parenthetical.
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PRT - Particle. Category for words that should be tagged RP.
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QP - Quantifier Phrase (i.e. complex measure/amount phrase); used within NP.
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RRC - Reduced Relative Clause.
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UCP - Unlike Coordinated Phrase.
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VP - Vereb Phrase.
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WHADJP - Wh-adjective Phrase. Adjectival phrase containing a wh-adverb, as in how hot.
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WHADVP - Wh-adverb Phrase. Introduces a clause with an NP gap. May be null (containing the 0 complementizer) or lexical, containing a wh-adverb such as how or why.
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WHNP - Wh-noun Phrase. Introduces a clause with an NP gap. May be null (containing the 0 complementizer) or lexical, containing some wh-word, e.g. who, which book, whose daughter, none of which, or how many leopards.
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WHPP - Wh-prepositional Phrase. Prepositional phrase containing a wh-noun phrase (such as of which or by whose authority) that either introduces a PP gap or is contained by a WHNP.
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X - Unknown, uncertain, or unbracketable. X is often used for bracketing typos and in bracketing the...the-constructions.
词语级别的标记说明:(36个)
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CC - Coordinating conjunction
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CD - Cardinal number
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DT - Determiner
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EX - Existential there
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FW - Foreign word
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IN - Preposition or subordinating conjunction
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JJ - Adjective
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JJR - Adjective, comparative
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JJS - Adjective, superlative
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LS - List item marker
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MD - Modal
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NN - Noun, singular or mass
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NNS - Noun, plural
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NNP - Proper noun, singular
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NNPS - Proper noun, plural
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PDT - Predeterminer
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POS - Possessive ending
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PRP - Personal pronoun
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PRP$ - Possessive pronoun (prolog version PRP-S)
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RB - Adverb
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RBR - Adverb, comparative
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RBS - Adverb, superlative
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RP - Particle
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SYM - Symbol
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TO - to
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UH - Interjection
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VB - Verb, base form
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VBD - Verb, past tense
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VBG - Verb, gerund or present participle
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VBN - Verb, past participle
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VBP - Verb, non-3rd person singular present
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VBZ - Verb, 3rd person singular present
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WDT - Wh-determiner
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WP - Wh-pronoun
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WP$ - Possessive wh-pronoun (prolog version WP-S)
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WRB - Wh-adverb