ServletContext对象：域对象（共享数据）、MIME类型

概念：代表整个web应用，可以和程序的容器(服务器)来通信

获取：

1. 通过request对象获取
   request.getServletContext();
2. 通过HttpServlet获取
   this.getServletContext();
   (两种方法都可以获取servletcontext对象，只不过我们一般用第二种)

功能：

1. 获取MIME类型：

• MIME类型:在互联网通信过程中定义的一种文件数据类型
• 格式： 大类型/小类型 text/html image/jpeg
• 获取：String getMimeType(String file)
  （就是可以通过这个方法传入eg:a.jpg它就返回image/jpg给你）

package cn.it.web.ServletContextest;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author QLBF
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/11/23 22:58
 */
@WebServlet("/ServletContextDemo2")
public class ServletContextDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //2. 通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();

        //3. 定义文件名称
        String filename = "a.jpg";//image/jpeg
        
        //4.获取MIME类型
        String mimeType = context.getMimeType(filename);
        System.out.println(mimeType);


    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/bbb/ServletContextDemo2就输出image/jpeg了，虚拟目录为bbb
2. 域对象：共享数据
. setAttribute(String name,Object value)
. getAttribute(String name)
. removeAttribute(String name)

• ServletContext对象范围：所有用户所有请求的数据,所以不太安全

定义ServletContextDemo3和ServletContextDemo4两个servlet类：

3：

package cn.it.web.ServletContextest;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author QLBF
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/11/23 22:58
 */
@WebServlet("/ServletContextDemo3")
public class ServletContextDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        /*

            ServletContext功能：
               1. 获取MIME类型：

                2. 域对象：共享数据
                3. 获取文件的真实(服务器)路径
         */
        //2. 通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        //设置数据
        servletContext.setAttribute("msg","haha");

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

4写：

package cn.it.web.ServletContextest;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author QLBF
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/11/23 22:58
 */
@WebServlet("/ServletContextDemo4")
public class ServletContextDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

         /*

            ServletContext功能：
               1. 获取MIME类型：

                2. 域对象：共享数据
                3. 获取文件的真实(服务器)路径
         */

        //2. 通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();

        //获取数据
        Object msg = context.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);


    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

这里先通过浏览器输入
再输入
java控制台会输出：
这里没有重定向和转发，ServletContextDemo4还是可以获取到ServletContextDemo3设置的值，范围太大了，所以不太安全