Appium学习笔记(java版)

导入pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.ceshiren</groupId>
    <artifactId>appium_project</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <version>5.9.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.appium</groupId>
            <artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
            <version>9.0.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.23.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

启动应用

• 初始化

		DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "Android");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "13");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "5cdbdc95");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "com.xueqiu.android");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".view.WelcomeActivityAlias");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("automationName", "uiautomator2");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("ensureWebviewsHavePages", true);
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("nativeWebScreenshot", true);
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("newCommandTimeout", 3600);
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("connectHardwareKeyboard", true);
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("noReset", true);
        URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub");
        driver = new AndroidDriver(url, desiredCapabilities);

• 热启动

  		driver.execute(LAUNCH_APP);

常用定位方式

• id
• accessibility-id
• xpath

常用交互

• click
• sendKeys
• clear
• getText

 		WebElement el1 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.accessibilityId("Echo Box"));
        el1.click();
        WebElement el2 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.accessibilityId("messageInput"));
        el2.sendKeys("hello");
        el2.clear();
        el2.sendKeys("world");
        WebElement el3 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.className("android.widget.TextView"));
        el3.click();
        driver.navigate().back();
        WebElement el4 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.xpath("//android.widget.TextView[@text='The App']"));
        String text = el4.getText();
        assertEquals("The App",text);
        driver.navigate().back();

等待方式

• 强制等待
• 隐式等待
• 显式等待

		//强制等待
		Thread.sleep(3000);
		
		//隐式等待
		driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(15));

		//显式等待
        WebElement e1 = new WebDriverWait(driver,Duration.ofSeconds(3))
                .until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(
                        AppiumBy.id("com.xueqiu.android:id/home_search")
                ));
        e1.click();

获取元素属性

• 是否可见：isDisplayed()
• 是否可用： isEnabled()
• 是否被选中：isSelected(）
• 获取属性值：getAttribute

        WebElement e2 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.xpath("//android.widget.EditText[@resource-id=\"com.xueqiu.android:id/search_input_text\"]"));
		String text = e2.getText();
		System.out.println("文本内容："+text);
		
        boolean displayed = e2.isDisplayed();
        System.out.println("元素是否可见："+displayed);
        
        String resourceId = e2.getAttribute("resource-id");
        System.out.println("resource-id："+resourceId);
        
        String clickable = e2.getAttribute("long-clickable");
        System.out.println("clickable："+clickable);
        
        boolean enabled = e2.isEnabled();
        System.out.println("enabled："+enabled);
        
        Point location = e2.getLocation();
        System.out.println("location："+location);
        
        Dimension size = e2.getSize();
        System.out.println("size："+size);

xpath函数

• 包含：//*[contains(＠属性，“属性值”)]

	//*[contains(@text,"阿里巴巴-SW")]

xpath轴

• 父子

	//*[@text="BABA"]/..
	//*[@text="BABA"]/parent::*

	//*[@text="BABA"]/child

• 爷孙

	//*[@text="BABA"]/../..
	//*[@text="BABA"]/parent::*/parent::*

	//*[@text="BABA"]/child/child

• 祖先

返回当前节点的所有祖先

	//*[@text="BABA"]/ancestor::android.widget.LinearLayout

显式指定要返回的祖先

	//*[@text="BABA"]/ancestor::android.widget.LinearLayout[1]

• 兄弟姐妹

节点后的兄弟姐妹

	//android.widget.TextView[@text="-2.23%"]/following-sibling::*
	//android.widget.TextView[@text="-2.23%"]/following-sibling::*[@text="价格"]

节点前的兄弟姐妹

	//android.widget.TextView[@text="-2.23%"]/preceding-sibling::*
	//android.widget.TextView[@text="-2.23%"]/preceding-sibling::*[@text="76.65"]

xpath运算符

• and：交集
• or：并集

		//*[contains(@text,"阿里巴巴-SW") and @resource-id="com.xueqiu.android:id/name"]
		//*[contains(@text,"阿里巴巴-SW") or @resource-id="com.xueqiu.android:id/name"]

原生定位

• 基础定位
• 组合定位

		#基础定位，注意用\转义双引号
		WebElement e2 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.androidUIAutomator("new UiSelector().resourceId(\"com.xueqiu.android:id/search_input_text\")"));
        e2.sendKeys("alibaba");
        		
        #组合定位，注意用\转义双引号
        WebElement e3 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.androidUIAutomator("new UiSelector().resourceId(\"com.xueqiu.android:id/name\").text(\"阿里巴巴\")"));
        e3.click();

cssSelector定位

		#注意要用\\转义特殊符号
		WebElement e2 = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.cssSelector("#com\\.xueqiu\\.android\\:id\\/search_input_text"));

webView自动化测试

• 电脑端安装Edge浏览器，进入触屏调试页：edge://inspect
• 移动端安装chrome浏览器并进入网页
• 匹配关系表：https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appium/appium-chromedriver/master/config/mapping.json
  
  

        //手机端需要的chrome版本对应的chromedriver存放位置
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("chromedriverExecutableDir", "D:\\study\\chromedriver124.0.6367.155");
        //版本匹配关系表，直接copy网站信息写成json文件存放在本地，并写对应存放位置
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("chromedriverChromeMappingFile", "D:\\study\\chromedriver124.0.6367.155\\mapping.json");
        //chromedriver的log
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("showChromedriverLog", true);

		//切换上下文，从原生页面切换到webview
        Set<String> contextHandles = driver.getContextHandles();
        driver.context(contextHandles.toArray()[1].toString());
        //使用html的标签定位
        String text1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//h2")).getText();
        System.out.println(text1);

        //有多个webview的情况下切换句柄，到下一个窗口
        Set<String> windowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();
        driver.switchTo().window(windowHandles.toArray()[0].toString());
        //使用html的标签定位下一个窗口的元素
        String text2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//h2")).getText();
        System.out.println(text2);

最后附上一个app企业微信的添加成员案例，使用了po模式：
https://github.com/HandsomeBoy1221/app-po