Android基础之ContentProvider实现跨程序(进程)数据共享 | 带源码

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-12 02:27:08 发布

Qricis

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-12 02:27:08 发布

阅读量465

点赞数 2

分类专栏： Android基础文章标签： android java apache

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Qricis/article/details/122338367

版权

Android基础专栏收录该内容

23 篇文章 2 订阅

订阅专栏

在上一个DataBaseTest项目的基础上继续开发，copy一下，名字叫做ContentProvider

首先将MyDataBase中使用的Toast去掉，因为跨程序访问时我们不能直接使用Toast

然后创建一个内容提供器(右键--new--other--ContentProvider)

在类的一开始，定义了4个常量，分别用于表示访问Book表/Category表中的所有数据/单条数据

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

    public static final int BOOK_DIR = 0;

    public static final int BOOK_ITEM = 1;

    public static final int CATEGORY_DIR = 2;

    public static final int CATEGORY_ITEM = 3;

    public static final String ACTHORITY = "com.example.contentprovider.provider";

    private static UriMatcher sUriMatcher;

    private MyDatabaseHelper mMyDatabaseHelper;

    //对UriMatcher进行了初始化操作
    static {
        sUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        sUriMatcher.addURI(ACTHORITY,"book",BOOK_DIR);
        sUriMatcher.addURI(ACTHORITY,"book/#",BOOK_ITEM);
        sUriMatcher.addURI(ACTHORITY,"category",CATEGORY_DIR);
        sUriMatcher.addURI(ACTHORITY,"catetory/#",CATEGORY_ITEM);
    }

    public MyContentProvider() {
    }

    //创建了一个MyDatabaseHelper实例，返回true表示内容提供器初始化成功
    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        // TODO: Implement this to initialize your content provider on startup.
        mMyDatabaseHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext(),"BookStore.db",null,2);
        return true;
    }

    //通过获取SQLiteDatabase实例，根据uri参数判断用户想要访问哪张表，调用其query方法进行查询，并将cursor对象返回
    //当访问单条数据时，调用了uri.getPathSegments()方法，它会将内容URI权限之后部分以/进行切割
    //并把分割后的结果放入到一个字符串列表里，这个列表的第0个位置存放的是路径，第1个位置存放的是id
    //得到id之后，再根据selection,selectionArgs进行约束，就实现了查找单条数据的功能
    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
                        String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle query requests from clients.

        //查询数据
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                cursor = db.query("Book",projection,selection,selectionArgs,null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = db.query("Book",projection,"id=?",new String[]{bookId},null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                cursor = db.query("Category",projection,selection,selectionArgs,null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = db.query("Category",projection,"id=?",new String[]{categoryId},null,null,sortOrder);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        return cursor;
    }

    //同样先获得了SQLiteDatabase实例，然后根据传入的参数判断出用户想要往哪张表里添加数据，在调用insert()
    //需要注意的是insert()要求返回一个uri，所以我们需要调用Uri.parse()方法来讲一个内容URI解析成Uri对象
    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests to insert a new row.
        //添加数据
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        Uri uriReturn = null;

        switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                long newBookId = db.insert("Book",null,values);
                uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + ACTHORITY + "/book/" + newBookId);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                long newCategoryId = db.insert("Category",null,values);
                uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + ACTHORITY + "/category/" + newCategoryId);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

        return uriReturn;
    }

    //先获取实例，然后根据用户想要更新哪张表的数据，调用update方法进行更新
    //受影响的行数将作为返回值返回
    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
                      String[] selectionArgs) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests to update one or more rows.
        //更新数据
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int updatedRows = 0;

        switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                updatedRows = db.update("Book",values,selection,selectionArgs);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                updatedRows = db.update("Book",values,"id=?",new String[]{bookId});
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                updatedRows = db.update("Category",values,selection,selectionArgs);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                updatedRows = db.update("Category",values,"id=?",new String[]{categoryId});
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

        return updatedRows;
    }

    //首先获取到SQLiteDatabase实例，然后根据传入的uri参数判断出用户想要删除哪张表的数据
    //被删除的行数将作为返回值返回
    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        // Implement this to handle requests to delete one or more rows.
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int deleteRows = 0;
        switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                deleteRows= db.delete("Book",selection,selectionArgs);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                deleteRows = db.delete("Book","id=?",new String[]{bookId});
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                deleteRows = db.delete("Category",selection,selectionArgs);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                deleteRows = db.delete("Category","id=?",new String[]{categoryId});
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
        return deleteRows;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests for the MIME type of the data
        // at the given URI.
        switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.contentprovider.provider.book";
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.contentprovider.provider.book";
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.contentprovider.provider.category";
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.contentprovider.provider.category";
        }
        return null;
    }

}

修改Manifest文件

由于我们是自动创建的，因此系统自动帮我们注册了provider

<provider
            android:name=".MyContentProvider"
            android:authorities="com.example.contentprovider.provider"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"></provider>

创建一个providerTest项目去访问contentProvider中的数据

修改activity_main

<Button
	        android:id="@+id/add_button"
	        android:layout_width="252dp"
	        android:layout_height="54dp"
	        android:layout_marginTop="192dp"
	        android:text="@string/add_button"
	        android:onClick="addButton"
	        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.496"
	        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

<Button
	        android:id="@+id/query_button"
	        android:layout_width="252dp"
	        android:layout_height="54dp"
	        android:layout_marginTop="36dp"
	        android:text="@string/query_button"
	        android:onClick="queryButton"
	        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.496"
	        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/add_button" />

<Button
	        android:id="@+id/update_button"
	        android:layout_width="252dp"
	        android:layout_height="54dp"
	        android:layout_marginTop="36dp"
	        android:text="@string/update_button"
	        android:onClick="updateButton"
	        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.496"
	        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/query_button" />

<Button
	        android:id="@+id/delete_button"
	        android:layout_width="252dp"
	        android:layout_height="54dp"
	        android:layout_marginTop="36dp"
	        android:text="@string/delete_button"
	        android:onClick="deleteButton"
	        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.496"
	        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
	        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/update_button" />

修改MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private String newId;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    //添加数据
    //调用Uri.parse()方法将一个内容URI解析成Uri对象
    //insert()方法会返回一个Uri对象，这个对象中包含了新增数据的id
    public void addButton(View view) {

        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.contentprovider.provider/book");
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

        values.put("name","A Clash of Kings");
        values.put("author","George Martin");
        values.put("pages",1040);
        values.put("price",22.85);

        Uri newUri = getContentResolver().insert(uri,values);
        newId = newUri.getPathSegments().get(1);

    }

    //查询数据
    public void queryButton(View view) {

        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.contentprovider.provider/book");
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null,null,null);

        if (cursor != null) {
            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                String author = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("author"));
                int pages = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("pages"));
                double price = cursor.getDouble(cursor.getColumnIndex("price"));

                Log.d("MainActivity", "book name is " + name);
                Log.d("MainActivity", "book author is " + author);
                Log.d("MainActivity", "book pages is " + pages);
                Log.d("MainActivity", "book price is " + price);
            }
            cursor.close();
        }

    }

    //更新数据
    public void updateButton(View view) {

        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.contentprovider.provider/book/" + newId);
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

        values.put("name","A Storm of Swords");
        values.put("pages",1216);
        values.put("price",24.05);

        getContentResolver().update(uri,values,null,null);

    }

    //删除数据
    public void deleteButton(View view) {

        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.contentprovider.provider/book/" + newId);
        getContentResolver().delete(uri,null,null);

    }
}